. 2020 Oct 6;99(12):6606–6618. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.082

Table 9.

The addition of chlorogenic acid inhibited injury in 17- and 21-day-old SPF chickens infected with Clostridium perfringens type A by affecting blood biochemical indices (as found by RT-qPCR).

Interaction	Treatments	Glucose	Triglyceride	Total cholesterol	High-density cholesterol	Low-density cholesterol	Total proteins	Albumin	Globulin	Albumin/Globulin
Day 17	Control	11.23^a,b	1.21^d	19.64^b	2.09^b,c	1.26^a	19.64^b	11.20^c	11.62^b	0.97^b,c
	CP	9.01^c	1.23^d	19.92^b	2.00^c	1.22^a,b	19.92^b	11.96^b,c	12.04^b	0.99^b,c
	CA	11.20^a,b	1.28^d	19.70^b	2.14^b,c	1.23^a,b	19.70^b	11.64^b,c	11.76^b	0.99^b,c
	CA + CP	10.35^b	1.25^d	19.91^b	2.11^b,c	1.22^a,b	19.91^b	12.24^b	12.00^b	1.02^a,b
	AB	11.01^a,b	1.23^d	19.54^b	2.20^b	1.28^a	19.54^b	11.52^c	12.04^b	0.96^b,c
	AB + CP	9.32^c	1.09^e	17.36^c	1.87^c	1.09^b	17.36^c	10.46^d	10.46^c	0.88^c
Day 21	Control	11.24^a,b	2.13^b	20.44^a,b	2.43^a	1.23^a,b	20.44^a,b	12.66^a,b	12.62^a,b	1.00^b
	CP	8.03^d	1.78^c	19.98^b	2.49^a	1.26^a	19.98^a,b	13.10^a	12.08^b	1.09^a
	CA	10.54^b	2.25^a	20.40^a,b	2.52^a	1.23^a,b	20.40^a,b	12.72^a,b	12.40^a,b	1.03^a,b
	CA + CP	11.41^a	2.19^a,b	20.58^a	2.44^a	1.24^a,b	20.58^a	12.96^a	12.78^a	1.02^a,b
	AB	10.77^b	2.17^a,b	20.02^a,b	2.48^a	1.27^a	20.02^a,b	12.66^a,b	12.10^b	1.05^a,b
	AB + CP	9.29^c	1.85^c	17.83^c	2.17^b	1.10^b	17.83^c	11.29^c	10.98^c	0.91^c
SEM		0.205	0.030	0.208	0.049	0.027	0.227	0.245	0.189	0.029
Stage
Day 17		10.35	1.22^b	19.34^b	2.07^b	1.22	19.34^b	11.50^b	11.65^b	0.97^b
Day 21		10.21	2.06^a	19.88^a	2.42^a	1.22	19.88^a	12.56^a	12.16^a	1.02^a
SEM		0.084	0.012	0.085	0.020	0.011	0.093	0.100	0.077	0.012
Treatments
Control		11.24^a	1.67^b	20.04^a,b	2.26^a	1.24^a	20.04^a,b	11.93^b	12.12^a	0.98^a
CP		8.52^c	1.50^c	19.95^a,b	2.24^a	1.24^a	19.95^a,b	12.53^a,b	12.06^a	1.04^a
CA		10.87^a	1.76^a	20.05^a,b	2.33^a	1.23^a	20.05^a,b	12.18^a,b	12.08^a	1.01^a
CA + CP		10.88^a	1.72^a,b	20.24^a	2.28^a	1.23^a	20.24^a	12.60^a	12.39^a	1.02^a
AB		10.89^a	1.70^b	19.78^b	2.34^a	1.28^a	19.78^b	12.09^b	12.07^a	1.00^a
AB + CP		9.30^b	1.47^c	17.60^c	2.02^b	1.10^b	17.60^c	10.88^c	10.72^b	0.90^b
SEM		0.145	0.021	0.147	0.035	0.019	0.160	0.173	0.133	0.020
P-values
Stage		0.245	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.747	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.006
Treatments		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Stage × Treatments		<0.001	<0.001	0.555	0.345	0.835	0.643	0.724	0.086	0.494

In the same line, the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P > 0.05), and the different letter superscripts mean significant difference (P < 0.05).

Abbreviations: AB, antibiotic group; AB + CP, antibiotic + C. perfringens group; CA, chlorogenic acid group; CA + CP, chlorogenic acid + C. perfringens group; CP, C. perfringens group; SPF, specific-pathogen-free.