Table-S2.
Articles (n=23) reported antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and genes in poultry sector of Bangladesh.
| Author, Year | Title of the article | Type of study | Key findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mahmud et al., 2011 [38] | Prevalence of Salmonella Serovars and AMR Profiles in Poultry of Savar Area, Bangladesh | Research article | •The prevalence of Salmonella was recorded in 21.1% poultry farms |
| •Salmonella isolates showed resistance against 5-10 antibiotics | |||
| Hasan et al.,2011 [28] | High Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Pathogenic E. coli from Large- and Small-Scale Poultry Farms in Bangladesh | Research article | • More than 55% E. coli isolates were resistant to at least one or more antibiotics • 36.6% of the isolates showed MDR |
| Hasan et al.,2012 [31] | Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant E. coli in Wild Birds and Free-range Poultry, Bangladesh | Research article | • 22.7% E. coli isolates were MDR |
| Jakaria et al., 2012 [29] | Prevalence, Characteristics and antibiogram profiles of E. coli Isolated from Apparently Healthy Chickens in Mymensingh, Bangladesh | Research article | •E. coli isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cephalexin • Resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, and nalidixic acid |
| Singh et al.,2012 [35] | Isolation and detection of antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli from Ducks in Bangladesh and Nepal | Research article | • Isolates were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and amoxicillin • Moderately sensitive to nalidixic acid, cephalexin, and co-trimoxazole |
| • Less sensitive to kanamycin | |||
| Hosain et al., 2012 [39] | Prevalence and antibiogram profiles of Salmonella Isolated from Pigeons in Mymensingh, Bangladesh | Research article | • 80-90% salmonella isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline |
| • 60-80% salmonella isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, gentamicin, and nalidixic acid | |||
| Sultana et al., 2012 [32] | Multidrug-resistant bacteria in the respiratory tract of apparently healthy quails | Research article | • MDR E. coli, Salmonella spp., Pasteurella spp., Bacillus spp., and Staphylococcus spp. were identified in quails |
| Dey et al., 2013 [33] | Prevalence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in Pigeon in Mymensingh, Bangladesh | Research article | • Pigeons are reservoir of MDR E. coli • 70-90% E. coli is resistant to sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and amoxicillin |
| Nandi et al.,2013 [41] | Prevalence and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Zoonotic Enterobacter spp. in Poultry of Bangladesh | Original article | • MDR and zoonotic Enterobacter spp. are prevalent in poultry farms of Bangladesh |
| Lutful Kabir et al., 2014 [44] | Isolation, Identification and AMR Patterns of Campylobacter Species from Broiler Meat Sold at KR Market of Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh | Research article | • MDR C. jejuni and C. coli are prevalent in broiler meat |
| Islam MN et al., 2014 [43] | Detection of S. aureus in Frozen Chicken Rinse through Bacteriological and Nuc Gene Specific PCR Methods and their drug resistance Patterns in Southern Chittagong, Bangladesh | Research article | • Staphylococcus isolates showed 100% resistance to ampicillin, more than 80% were resistant to oxytetracycline, doxycycline, and amoxicillin. Ciprofloxacin showed 77.5%, Cephalexin 38.33%, and Gentamycin showed the least resistance 13.33% |
| Al-Salauddin et al., 2015 [36] | Isolation, identification, and antibiogram studies of Salmonella species and E. coli from boiler meat in some selected areas of Bangladesh | Research article | • Salmonella and E. coli isolates from broiler meat were resistant to amoxicillin (80-82%), erythromycin (82-85%), and tetracycline (24-68%) |
| Saifuddin et al., 2016 [8] | Molecular characterization and AMR patterns of Salmonella spp. and E. coli of laying chicken | Research article | • 70-100% of Salmonella spp. and E. coli were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics • 60-90% isolates of both species were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin |
| Parvej et al.,2016 [40] | Prevalence and characterization of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum and Gallinarum from chicken | Research article | • MDR and highly clonal Salmonella Enterica are prevalent in commercial layers of Bangladesh |
| Shahjada et al., 2017 [27] | Bacteria causing omphalitis in newly hatched chicks from broiler and layer flocks and their antibiotic profiles | Research article | •E. coli (28%), Salmonella spp. (38%), Staphylococcus spp. (34%) from broiler chicks and E. coli (32%), Salmonella spp. (36%), Staphylococcus spp. (32%) from layer chicks were identified |
| • Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to ampicillin (100%) and kanamycin (100%); E. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin (80-100%), amoxicillin (60-100%) and kanamycin (80%); Salmonella spp. were resistant to ampicillin (100%), kanamycin (80%), and tetracycline (60%) | |||
| Momtaz et al., 2018 [22] | Occurrence of Pathogenic and Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella spp. in Poultry Slaughter-House in Bangladesh | Original article | •MDR and pathogenic Salmonella spp. are circulating in poultry slaughterhouses • These MDR Salmonella spp. are potential threat to public health |
| Sarker et al., 2019 [30] | Antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolated from broilers sold at LBMs in Chattogram, Bangladesh | Short Communication | • E. coli isolates were 100% resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline • All E. coli isolates carried blaTEM, tetA, and Sul2 genes |
| M.S. Hasan et al., 2019 [42] | Complete genome arrangement revealed the emergence of a poultry origin superbug C. portucalensis strain NR-12 | Short Communication | • C. portucalensis NR-12 is an emerging superbug from poultry • Complete genome of C. portucalensis NR-12 harbored 13 acquired AMR gene markers |
| • C. portucalensis NR-12 is resistant to 8 different antibiotics from six antimicrobial groups | |||
| Neogi et al.,2020 [21] | Risk of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter spp. and residual antimicrobials at poultry farms and LBMs in Bangladesh | Research article | • 49 and 42% strains of Campylobacter spp. were identified as MDR bacteria • Residual antimicrobials (oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin) were detected in broiler liver and meat |
| Amin et al., 2020 [15] | Occurrence and genetic characteristics of mcr-1 positive colistin-resistant E. coli from poultry environments in Bangladesh | Original article | • The emerging plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 • All ESBL-producing E. coli carrying mcr-1 were resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics |
| Shanzida et al., 2020 [16] | Molecular Detection of Multidrug-resistant Salmonella Species Isolated from Broiler Farm in Bangladesh | Original article | • Overall prevalence of Salmonella was 35% in broiler farms • tetA, floR, blaTEM-1, aadA1, and intl1 genes were detected in the MDR Salmonella isolates |
| Parvin et al.,2020 [34] | AMR Pattern of E. coli Isolated from Frozen Chicken Meat in Bangladesh | Original article | • MDR and XDR E. coli are prevalent in frozen chicken sold at Super shops • ESBL genes blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M-2 are prevalent MDR and XDR E. coli |
| Dutta et al.,2020 [37] | Acquisition of Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in E. coli of Livestock Origin in Bangladesh | Research article | • E. coli isolated from humans, animals, environment, and food samples in Bangladesh was MDR (70.9%) |
| • mcr-1 gene was detected in E. coli isolates of poultry source | |||
| •mcr-1 sequences revealed that this gene evolved locally |
AMR=Antimicrobial resistance, MDR=Multidrug resistance, LBMs=Live bird markets, E. coli=Escherichia coli, ESBL=Extended-spectrum β-lactamase, C. portucalensis=Citrobacter portucalensis, S. aureus=Staphylococcus aureus, C. jejuni=Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli=Campylobacter coli