Table 3.
Combined outcome scores
| Study | Treatment(s) | Control | Follow-up | Parameters | Treatment. mean (std) | Control mean (std) | Effect size | Magnitude of effect |
| Panda (2014)26 | Curene (n=25) | Placebo (n=25) | Day 7 | VAS | 46.59 (8.19) | 51.94 (4.16) | 0.8 | Large |
| WOMAC total score | 34.88 (5.27) | 36.40 (3.88) | 0.3 | Small | ||||
| Pain | 7.36 (1.73) | 8 (1.12) | 0.4 | Small | ||||
| Stiffness | 4.16 (1.07) | 4.64 (0.91) | 0.5 | Moderate | ||||
| PF | 23.36 (3.05) | 23.76 (2.73) | 0.1 | Small | ||||
| Day 15 | VAS | 41.71 (9.35) | 49.28 (4.40) | 1.0 | Large | |||
| WOMAC total score | 31.44 (4.85) | 34.36 (3.79) | 0.7 | Moderate | ||||
| Pain | 6.6 (1.66) | 7.64 (0.91) | 0.8 | Large | ||||
| Stiffness | 3.52 (0.96) | 4.4 (0.87) | 1.0 | Large | ||||
| PF | 21.32 (2.85) | 22.32 (2.94) | 0.4 | Small | ||||
| Day 30 | VAS | 36.63 (8.85) | 46.77 (3.84) | 1.5 | Large | |||
| WOMAC total score | 25.84 (5.54) | 32.76 (3.88) | 1.5 | Large | ||||
| Pain | 5.8 (1.80) | 7.32 (1.07) | 1.0 | Large | ||||
| Stiffness | 2.84 (1.07) | 4 (0.91) | 1.2 | Large | ||||
| PF | 17.2 (3.65) | 21.44 (3.03) | 1.3 | Large | ||||
| Day 60 | VAS | 27.26 (11.95) | 44.83 (4.27) | 2.0 | Large | |||
| WOMAC total score | 18.44 (4.75) | 30.76 (4.84) | 2.6 | Large | ||||
| Pain | 4.28 (1.54) | 6.96 (1.43) | 1.8 | Large | ||||
| Stiffness | 2.12 (0.97) | 3.76 (1.09) | 1.6 | Large | ||||
| PF | 12.04 (3.12) | 20.04 (3.77) | 2.3 | Large | ||||
| Nakagawa (2014)27 | Theramicin (n=18) | Placebo (n=23) | 8 weeks | VAS | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Madhu (2013)28 | NR-INF-02 (n=29) | Placebo (n=29) | 21st day | VAS | 38.83 (21.36) | 53.83 (15.84) | 0.8 | Large |
| WOMAC | 36.67 (16.08) | 52.23 (9.63) | 1.17 | Large | ||||
| CGIC | 3.73 (1.92) | 5.53 (0.97) | 1.18 | Large | ||||
| 42nd day | VAS | 19.48 (17.84) | 46.03 (20.84) | 1.37 | Large | |||
| WOMAC | 27.14 (16.13) | 47.90 (12.59) | 1.43 | Large | ||||
| CGIC | 2.21 (1.80) | 4.72 (1.27) | 1.61 | Large | ||||
| Belcaro (2010)29 | *Meriva (n=50) | Placebo (n=50) | 8 months | WOMAC subscale scores | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Shep (2019)30 |
Curcumin (n=70) | Diclofenac (n=69) | Day 14 | VAS | 4.69 (0.79) | 4.58 (0.60) | 0.2 | Small |
| KOOS | ||||||||
| Pain | 72.70 (4.89) | 73.69 (3.97) | 0.2 | Small | ||||
| Symptoms | 61.58 (5.65) | 61.93 (5.47) | 0.1 | Small | ||||
| Function in daily living | 77.67 (5.90) | 80.54 (6.10) | 0.5 | Moderate | ||||
| Function in sport and recreation | 68.43 (5.81) | 71.88 (5.01) | 0.6 | Moderate | ||||
| Quality of Life | 59.64 (6.08) | 59.15 (7.73) | 0.1 | Small | ||||
| Day 28 | VAS | 2.20 (0.81) | 2.20 (0.61) | 0.0 | Null | |||
| KOOS | ||||||||
| Pain | 88.77 (5.62) | 90.38 (3.61) | 0.3 | Small | ||||
| Symptoms | 67.95 (5.86) | 69.13 (5.50) | 0.2 | Small | ||||
| Function in daily living | 94.58 (6.58) | 92.63 (2.71) | 0.4 | Small | ||||
| Function in sport and recreation | 89.14 (6.43) | 91.88 (4.38) | 0.5 | Moderate | ||||
| Quality of Life | 73.57 (7.46) | 72.26 (8.61) | 0.2 | Small | ||||
| Panahi (2010)31 | Curcuminoids (n=19) | Placebo (n=21) | 6 weeks | WOMAC global score | 25.0 (13.0) | 40.6 (12.6) | 1.2 | Large |
| WOMAC pain | 6.1 (2.9) | 9.4 (3.4) | 1.0 | Large | ||||
| WOMAC stiffness | 0.15 (0.5) | 0.76 (0.9) | 0.8 | Large | ||||
| *Henrotin (2019)32 | BCL high dose (n=49) |
Placebo (n=45) |
Month 1 | VAS | N/A | N/A | *0.4 | Small |
| KOOS global score and subscales | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Month 3 | VAS | N/A | N/A | *0.4 | Small | |||
| BCL low dose | Month 1 Month 3 |
KOOS global score and subscales VAS KOOS global score and subscales VAS KOOS global score and subscales |
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A |
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A |
*0.35
*0.4 |
Small Small |
||
| Kuptniratsaikul (2009)33 |
C.domestica (n=45) | Ibuprofen (n=46) | Week 6 | Pain | ||||
| Level of walking | 2.7 (2.5) | 3.1 (2.3) | 0.2 | Small | ||||
| Stairs | 3.1 (1.5) | 3.8 (2.4) | 0.4 | Moderate | ||||
| Function | ||||||||
| Time spent on 100 m walk | 96.7 (17.0) | 97.0 (25.7) | 0.0 | Null | ||||
| Time spent on going up and down of flight of stairs | 24.8 (10.2) | 25.9 (12.3) | 0.1 | Small | ||||
| Kuptniratsaikul (2014)34 |
C.domestica (n=171) |
Ibuprofen (n=160) |
4 weeks | WOMAC total score | 3.36 (2.04) | 3.23 (1.97) | 0.1 | Small |
| Pain | 3.25 (2.11) | 3.17 (1.98) | 0.0 | Null | ||||
| Stiffness | 3.28 (2.38) | 3.16 (2.36) | 0.1 | Small | ||||
| PF | 3.41 (2.09) | 3.26 (2.05) | 0.1 | Small | ||||
| 6 min walk (metres) | 345.43 (91.66) | 347.99 (86.60) | 0.0 | Null | ||||
| Srivastava (2016)35 | CL extract (n=78) | Placebo (n=82) | Day 60 | VAS | 4.96 (0.07) | 6.00 (0.11) | 11 | Large |
| WOMAC | ||||||||
| Pain | 11.19 (0.26) | 12.05 (0.21) | 3.6 | Large | ||||
| Stiffness | 4.51 (0.21) | 4.70 (0.23) | 0.9 | Large | ||||
| PF | 41.28 (0.51) | 45.11 (0.37) | 8.6 | Large | ||||
| Day 120 | VAS | 4.03 (0.08) | 5.11 (0.14) | 9.5 | Large | |||
| WOMAC | ||||||||
| Pain | 9.48 (0.17) | 10.16 (0.16) | 4.1 | Large | ||||
| Stiffness | 4.08 (0.17) | 4.16 (0.18) | 0.5 | Moderate | ||||
| PF | 32.14 (0.40) | 33.88 (0.50) | 3.8 | Large | ||||
BCL, bio-optimised Curcuma longa; CGIC, Clinician Global Impression Change; CL, Curcuma longa; KOOS, Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; PF, Pain and Function; VAS, Visual Analogue Score; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.