Table 1.
Synonymy of crocodilian hindlimb muscles among four previous studies
| Standardized muscle name | Gadow (1882) | Ribbing (1938) | Cong et al. (1998) | Suzuki et al. (2011) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M. tibialis cranialis | M. extensor longus digitorum | M. extensor digitorum communis | M. extensor digitorum longus, long head, or lateral head | M. extensor digitorum longus |
| M. extensor digitorum longus | M. tibialis anticus | M. extensor tarsi tibialis | M. extensor digitorum longus, short head, or medial head | M. tibialis anterior |
| M. peroneus longus | M. peroneus posterior, in part | M. extensor tarsi fibularis, in part | M. peroneus longus | M. peroneus longus |
| M. peroneus brevis | M. peroneus anterior | M. extensor tarsi fibularis, in part | M. peroneus brevis | M. peroneus brevis |
| M. adductor hallucis dorsalis | M. extensor hallucis proprius | M. extensores breves, in part | M. extensor hallucis longus | M. adductor hallucis dorsalis |
| M. extensor digitorum brevis | Nr. II α | M. extensores breves, in part | M. extensor hallucis brevis, in part | M. extensor digitorum I, II et III |
| Nr. II β | M. extensor digitorum brevis, in part (pars proximalis of digit II) | |||
| Nr. II γ | M. extensor digitorum brevis, in part (pars proximalis of digit III) | |||
| M. extensor hallucis brevis | Nr. IV α | M. extensores breves, in part | M. extensor hallucis brevis, in part | M. extensor hallucis brevis |
| M. extensor digiti II | Nr. IV β | M. extensores breves, in part | M. extensor digitorum brevis, in part | M. extensor digiti II |
| M. extensor digiti III | Nr. IV γ | M. extensores breves, in part | M. extensor digitorum brevis, in part | M. extensor digiti III |
| M. extensor digiti IV | Nr. III | M. extensores breves, in part | M. extensor digitorum brevis, in part | M. extensor digiti IV |
| M. interosseous dorsalis digiti II | Nr. V α | M. extensores breves, in part | Mm. interossei dorsales, in part (first slip) | M. interosseous dorsalis digiti II |
| M. interosseous dorsalis digiti III | Nr. V β | M. extensores breves, in part | Mm. interossei dorsales, in part (second slip) | M. interosseous dorsalis digiti III |
| M. interosseous dorsalis digiti IV | Nr. V γ | M. extensores breves, in part | – | M. interosseous dorsalis digiti IV |
| M. gastrocnemius | M. gastrocnemius, in part | M. gastrocnemius | M. gastrocnemius | M. gastrocnemius |
| M. flexor hallucis longus | M. gastrocnemius, in part | M. flexor profundus, in part | M. flexor hallucis longus | M. flexor digitorum longus |
| M. flexor digitorum longus | M. flexor longus digitorum | M. flexor profundus, in part | M. flexor digitorum longus | M. flexor hallucis longus |
| M. pronator profundus | M. tibialis‐posticus | M. pronator profundus | M. tibialis posterior | M. pronator profundus |
| M. interosseous cruris | M. flexor digiti quarti brevis | |||
| M. fibulocalcaneus | M. peroneus posterior, in part | M. flexor metatarsi V | M. pronator profundus | M. fibulocalcaneus |
| M. flexor digitorum brevis superficialis | Nr. VI | Mm. flexores breves superficiales | M. flexor digitorum brevis | M. flexor digitorum brevis superficialis |
| M. flexor digitorum brevis profundus | Nr. VII | M. flexor accesorius medialis | M. quadratus plantae | M. flexor digitorum brevis profundus |
| Mm. lumbricales | Nr. VIII, in part | M. flexor accesorius lateralis | Mm. lumbricales pedis, in part (superficial layer) | Mm. lumbricales |
| M. lumbricalis profundus | Nr. VIII, in part | Mm. contrahentes digitorum | Mm. lumbricales pedis, in part (deep layer) | M. lumbricalis profundus |
| M. flexor hallucis brevis | Nr. X β | Mm. flexores breves profundi, in part | M. flexor hallucis | M. flexor hallucis brevis superficialis |
| Nr. X α | M. abductor hallucis | M. flexor hallucis brevis profundus | ||
| M. adductor digiti V | – | – | – | – |
| Mm. contrahentes | Nr. X γ | Mm. flexores breves profundi, in part | Mm. interossei plantares, in part (first slip) | M. flexor digiti II |
| Nr. X δ | Mm. interossei dorsales, in part (pars plantares) | M. flexor digiti III | ||
| Nr. X ε | Mm. interossei plantares, in part (second slip) | M. flexor digiti IV | ||
| M. adductor hallucis plantaris | Nr. XI α | Mm. interdigitales, in part | M. adductor hallucis | M. adductor hallucis plantaris |
| M. interosseous plantaris digiti II | Nr. XI β | Mm. interdigitales, in part | Mm. interossei plantares, in part (first slip) | M. interosseous plantaris digiti II |
| M. interosseous plantaris digiti III | Nr. XI γ | Mm. interdigitales, in part | Mm. interossei plantares, in part (third slip) | M. interosseous plantaris digiti III |
| M. abductor digiti IV | Nr. XII | Mm. interdigitales, in part | M. abductor digiti quarti | M. abductor digiti IV dorsalis |
| M. abductor digiti IV plantaris |