Table 1. Description of the three groups of metropolitan areas concerned by mitigation measures before 15 December, France, autumn 2020 (n = 22 metropolitan areas).

Characteristics	Group 1a Under curfew since 17 October	Group 2 Under curfew since 24 October	Group 3 Without curfew
Number of metropolitan areas	9	9	4
Population	14,014,489	3,278,393	1,853,088
List of metropolitan areas	Grenoble-Alpes-Métropole Métropole Européenne de Lille Métropole de Lyon Métropole d'Aix-Marseille-Provence Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole Métropole du Grand Paris Métropole Rouen Normandie Saint-Etienne Métropole Toulouse Métropole	Clermont Auvergne Métropole Dijon Métropole Métropole du Grand Nancy Métropole Nice Côte d'Azur Orléans Métropole Rennes Métropole Eurométropole de Strasbourg Métropole Toulon-Provence-Méditerranée Tours Métropole Val de Loire	Bordeaux Métropole Brest Métropole Metz Métropole Nantes Métropole

^a These areas were already concerned, since 23–25 September, by reinforced measures such as limitation of public and private social gatherings, closure of bars and/or restaurants, or prohibition of alcohol sales in the public domain.