Table 1. Summary of VEGF inhibitors, their signalling targets and the cancers they are used to treat.
| Drug class | Agent | Target(s) | Clinical use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Monoclonal antibody | Bevacizumab | VEGF-A | Colorectal cancer |
| Non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer | |||
| Glioblastoma | |||
| Renal cell carcinoma | |||
| Ramucirumab | VEGFR-2 | Colorectal cancer | |
| Gastric cancer | |||
| Hepatocellular cancer | |||
| Non-small cell lung cancer | |||
| Tyrosine kinase inhibitor | Axitinib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Renal cell carcinoma |
| PDGFR | |||
| c-Kit | |||
| Cabozantinib | VEGFR-2 | Medullary thyroid cancer | |
| RET | Renal cell carcinoma | ||
| Cediranib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Colorectal cancer | |
| PDGFR | Glioblastoma | ||
| c-Kit | Ovarian cancer | ||
| Lung cancer | |||
| Intedanib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Non-small cell lung cancer | |
| PDGFR | Ovarian cancer | ||
| FGFR | |||
| Lenvatinib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Thyroid cancer | |
| PDGFR | Renal cell carcinoma | ||
| c-Kit | |||
| RET | |||
| FGFR | |||
| Nintedanib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Non-small cell lung cancer | |
| PDGFR | |||
| RET | |||
| FGFR | |||
| FLT3 | |||
| Pazopanib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Renal cell carcinoma | |
| PDGFR | Soft tissue sarcoma | ||
| c-Kit | |||
| Regorafenib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Colorectal cancer | |
| PDGFR | |||
| c-Kit | |||
| RET | |||
| FGFR | |||
| Sorafenib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | HCC | |
| PDGFR | Renal cell carcinoma | ||
| Raf | Melanoma | ||
| c-Kit | |||
| FLT3 | |||
| Sunitinib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) | |
| PDGFR | Renal cell carcinoma | ||
| c-Kit | Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PNET) | ||
| RET | |||
| FLT3 | |||
| Tivozanib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Renal cell carcinoma | |
| Vandetanib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Medullary thyroid cancer | |
| PDGFR | Non-small cell lung cancer | ||
| RET | |||
| Vatalanib | VEGFR-1, -2, -3 | Colorectal cancer | |
| PDGFR | |||
| c-Kit | |||
| VEGF-Trap | Aflibercept | VEGF-A/B | Colorectal cancer |
| PIGF | |||
Abbreviations: FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; FLT3, fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor 3; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; PlGF, placenta growth factor; Raf, rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; RET, rearranged during transfection; VEGFR, VEGF receptor.