Table 2.
Association between any-cause mortality and comorbidity cluster
| Low-burden | Metabolic-vascular | Ischemic | Anemia | Metabolic | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 83,577 | N = 73,284 | N = 83,283 | N = 14,959 | N = 63,281 | N = 318,030 | |
| Deaths, n (%) | 18,497 (22.2%) | 17,943 (24.5%) | 32,709 (39.3%) | 4615 (30.9%) | 8774 (13.9%) | 82,538 (26%) |
| Person-months | 3,666,146 | 2,270,448 | 3,246,368 | 545,985 | 2,334,907 | 12,063,855 |
| Deaths per 1000 person-months (95% CI) | 5.05 (4.97–5.12) | 7.9 (7.8–8.02) | 10.08 (9.96–10.18) | 8.45 (8.21–8.70) | 3.76 (3.68–3.84) | 6.84 (6.80–6.89) |
| Model 1a | N = 77,325 | N = 68,414 | N = 77,425 | N = 13,850 | N = 58,635 | N = 295,649 |
| Deaths, n (%) | 17,291 (22.4%) | 16,414 (24.7%) | 30,510 (39.4%) | 4325 (31.2%) | 8251 (14.1%) | 77,276 (26.1%) |
| Adjusted HRa (95% CI) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.87 (1.74–2.01) | 1.24 (1.16–1.33) | 1.46 (1.30–1.64) | 1.18 (1.09–1.29) | |
| Model 2b | 2707 | 3267 | 3265 | 247 | 2483 | N = 12,091 |
| Deaths, n (%) | 510 (20.1%) | 755 (24.6%) | 1166 (38%) | 98 (28.3%) | 281 (12.1%) | 3478 (28.8%) |
| Adjusted HRb (95% CI) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.60 (1.44, 1.79) | 1.62 (1.47, 1.80) | 1.60 (1.30, 1.96) | 0.96 (0.84, 1.10) |
Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, ref. reference
aAdjusted for age, sex, race, education, medical insurance status, whether diagnosis was gained inpatient or in outpatient and HF medications; time-varying coefficient model; excludes patients with missing data on race (21,557) and education (2097)
bAdjusted for age, sex, race, education, medical insurance status, whether diagnosis was gained inpatient or in outpatient, HF medications, ejection fraction, smoking status; proportional hazards met; excludes patients with missing data on race (21,557), education (2097), ejection fraction (304,477), and smoking status (282,333)