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. 2021 Jan 15;9:e10633. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10633

Table 1. Potential biomarkers for osteosarcoma.

Study approach Type of biomarker Candidate biomarker Regulation Sample Technique Reference
Genomics Diagnostic C7orf24 Tissue; cell lines RT-PCR; qRT-PCR; Western blot (WB); siRNA transfection Uejima et al. (2011)
Diagnostic And Predictive miRNA signatures Tissue; cell lines qRT-PCR Gougelet et al. (2011)
Predictive Multigene classifier Tissue cDNA microarray; qRT-PCR Man et al. (2005)
Predictive Multigene classifier Tissue cDNA microarray; RT-PC Mintz et al. (2005)
Predictive And Prognosis miRNA signatures Tissue miRNA microarray; qRT-PCR; immunohistochemistry (IHC) Jones et al. (2012)
Predictive And Prognosis miR-21 Serum qRT-PCR Yuan et al. (2012)
Prognosis Tenascin-C Cell lines cDNA microarray; RT-PCR; WB; IHC Xiong et al. (2009)
Prognostic miRNA-214 Tissue qRT-PCR Wang et al. (2014)
Proteomics Diagnostic Serum amyloid A (SAA) Plasma SELDI-TOF MS; WB Li et al. (2010)
Diagnostic Ezrin (EZR); a crystallin β chain (CRYAB) Tissue 2D-DIGE; LC-ESI-MS/MS; RT-PCR for mRNA; tissue microarray and IHC Folio et al. (2009)
Diagnostic Cytochrome C1 (CYC-1) Serum; cell lines SELDI-TOF MS; Gene microarray (cell lines) Li et al. (2009)
Diagnostic Zinc finger protein 133 (ZNF 133); tubulin-a1c (TUBA1C) Tissue 2-DE; MALDI-TOF MS; WB; IHC Li et al. (2010)
Diagnostic Protein NDRG 1 Plasma membrane from cell line and tissue 2-DE; LC-ESI-MS/MS; IHC; WB Hua et al. (2011)
Diagnostic Gelsolin Serum 2D-DIGE; MALDIHTOF; WB; ELISA Jin et al. (2012)
Predictive And Prognostic SAA Serum 2D-DIGE; MALDI-TOF MS; WB; ELISA Jin et al. (2007)
Predictive Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) ↑(poor prognosis) Tissue 2D-DIGE; LC-ESI-MS/MS; WB Kikuta et al. (2010)
Predictive SAA; transthyretin (TTR) ↑(poor prognosis) Plasma SELDI-TOF MS; WB Li et al. (2011)