Table 1.

The Interactive Effect of Obesity and Polygenic Risk for Obesity on Increased Risk of Mortality Among Adults in the United States

	Total		Female		Male
	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI
BMI [Ref. 18.5–29.9]
Obese I [30.0–34.9]	0.79	0.48, 1.31	0.61	0.25, 1.50	0.84	0.46, 1.57
Obese II/III [≥35.0]	3.17	1.73, 5.81	3.94	1.72, 9.04	2.63	1.07, 6.46
BMI PGS [Ref. Low ≤ −1σ]
Average [−1σ< PGS < 1σ]	1.18	1.02, 1.37	1.31	1.06, 1.63	1.07	0.88, 1.31
High [PGS ≥ 1σ]	1.33	1.09, 1.61	1.62	1.18, 2.09	1.10	0.84, 1.44
Interaction effects
Obese I × Average	1.37	0.80, 2.32	1.79	0.71, 4.52	1.23	0.64, 2.36
Obese II/III × Average	0.45	0.24, 0.85	0.39	0.16, 0.94	0.53	0.20, 1.39
Obese I × High	1.38	0.78, 2.46	1.73	0.65, 4.66	1.29	0.63, 2.65
Obese II/III × High	0.37	0.18, 0.75	0.33	0.13, 0.86	0.41	0.14, 1.17
Years of education	0.95	0.94, 0.97	0.94	0.92, 0.97	0.95	0.93, 0.97
Average self-report limitation	1.42	1.32, 1.55	1.53	1.37, 1.71	1.39	1.23, 1.57

Note: BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; PGS = polygenic risk score. Data come from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) for the years 1994–2014. Cell entries are Hazard Ratios derived from Cox Proportional Hazard models among 11,843 respondents (female = 6,739; male = 5,104) of the HRS. All models control for age and the top 10 principal components derived from genome-wide data.