Table 6.
Number and average quality of included articles disaggregated by type of migrant and Bay Area Regional Health Inequities Initiative (BARHII) dimensions
| Category | Number of studies per study design with level of evidence* | Total # studies | Mean quality | References | ||||||||
| CR-4 | AC-4 | QL-3 | CS-3 | PR-3 | CC-3 | QL-2 | PR-2 | RC-2 | ||||
| Type of migrant | ||||||||||||
| Asylum seekers and refugees | – | 1 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 3 | 2 | 1 | 10† | 58.4% | 8 29 30 32 35 36 88–91 |
| Foreign workers | 4 | 7 | – | 4 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 41‡ | 45.7% | 27 31 33 34 37 46–81 |
| Unclassified migrants | – | 1 | – | 6 | 2 | 2 | – | 5 | – | 16 | 52.7% | 28 38–45 82–87 92 |
| Dimension of BARHII framework | ||||||||||||
| Institutional inequities | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1‡ | – | 27 |
| Living conditions | – | 2 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 4 | 2 | – | 1† | 59.7% | 8 28–37 |
| Risk behaviour | – | 1 | – | 3 | 1 | 1 | – | 4 | – | 10 | 48.7% | 38–47 |
| Disease and injury | 4 | 6 | – | 7 | 11 | 2 | – | 14 | 2 | 46 | 46.3% | 34 37 48–91 |
| Mortality and morbidity | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 2 | 47.9% | 28 92 |
| Subdimensions of institutional inequities | ||||||||||||
| Laws and regulations | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1‡ | – | 27 |
| Subdimensions of living conditions | ||||||||||||
| Social environment | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 50.0% | 36 |
| Economic and work environment | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 44.4% | 37 |
| Service environment | – | 2 | – | – | 1 | – | 4 | 1 | – | 9‡ | 62.8% | 8 28–35 |
| Subdimensions of risk behaviour | ||||||||||||
| Poor nutrition | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | – | – | 2 | 50.0% | 39 44 |
| Violence and abuse | – | – | – | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 70.0% | 38 43 |
| Alcohol and other drugs | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 22.2% | 40 |
| Sexual behaviour | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | 2 | – | 3 | 50.9% | 41 42 45 |
| Hygiene and sanitation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 22.2% | 47 |
| Hazard and safety awareness | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 50.0% | 46 |
| Subdimensions of disease and injury | ||||||||||||
| Communicable disease | 3 | 2 | – | 6 | 4 | 2 | – | 10 | – | 27 | 44.2% | 48 50 51 53–58 61 64 65 68 69 71 72 74 82 83 85–87 89 |
| Non-communicable disease | 1 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 3 | 50.8% | 75 77 78 81 |
| Injury | – | 2 | – | 1 | 3 | – | – | 2 | 1 | 9 | 47.4% | 59 67 88 |
| Mental health | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – | 2 | 1 | 5 | 56.1% | 37 60 62 63 66 70 76 79 80 |
| Various diseases | – | – | – | – | 2 | – | – | – | – | 2 | 38.9% |
49 73 84 90 91 34 52 |
| Subdimensions of mortality and morbidity | ||||||||||||
| Mortality rates | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 33.3% | 28 |
| Morbidity rates | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 62.5% | 92 |
| Total | 4 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 13 | 3 | 4 | 19 | 2 | 67†, ‡ | 49.2% | 8 27–92 |
*Level of evidence ranks from 1 to 4, where 1 is the highest level of evidence and 4 is the lowest level.
†Includes a mixed-method design, which was not appraised for level of evidence nor quality of the study.
‡Includes a scoping review design, which was not appraised for level of evidence nor quality of the study.
AC-4, analytical cross-sectional study; CC-3, case control; CR-4, case report; CS-3, case series; PR-2, prevalence study with analytical component; PR-3, prevalence study without analytical component; QL-2, qualitative study with more rigour; QL-3, qualitative study with less rigour; RC-2, randomised controlled trial.