Table 1.

Comparison of the number of cases of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, according to Asp-ICU criteria, modified Asp-ICU criteria, EORTC criteria and Alanio study criteria.

		Alanio study n = 27	Koehler study n = 19	Van Arkel study n = 31	Bartolleti study n = 108	Present study n = 53
Alanio criteria	Aspergillus positive culture from BAL Or 2 of the followings: Aspergillus positive TA Positive Aspergillus qPCR in BAL, TA, or serum Galactomannan index > 0.8 on BAL or > 0.5 on serum β-D-glucan > 80 pg/ml in serum	9	5	3	20	1
Asp-ICU criteria	All 4 criteria (if one missing, colonisation): Aspergillus-positive lower respiratory tract sample (entry criterion) Compatible clinical signs and symptoms Abnormal medical imaging Either host risk factor or Aspergillus-positive culture from BAL	6 and colonisation in one case	2 and colonisation in one case	3 and colonisation in 3 cases	19 and colonisation in one case	1 and colonisation in one case
Modified Asp-ICU criteria (used by Koehler and van Arkel)	Clinical criteria, radiological criteria and one or more of the followings: Aspergillus positive culture from BAL Galactomannan index ≥ 1 on BAL or ≥ 0.5 on serum	7	4	3	30	2
EORTC criteria	At least one host factora, one clinical feature and mycologic evidence in the followings: Aspergillus positive culture from sputum, BAL or TA Positive Aspergillus qPCR on BAL or serum Galactomannan index > 1 on BAL or serum	7	5	6	36	2
Expert consensus case criteria for IAPA (used by Bartolleti)	A: Pulmonary infiltrate and at least one of the following: Aspergillus positive culture from BAL Galactomannan index ≥ 1 on BAL or ≥ 0.5 on serum OR B: Cavitating infiltrate (not attributed to another cause) and at least one of the following: Aspergillus positive culture from sputum or TA	7	4	3	30	2
Antifungal Treatment		1	4	3	16	1

^aFor the COVID-19 population, COVID-19 with ARDS was considered as a host factor by itself.