Table 3.
Summary of RCT results of prophylactic candidates against COVID-19 and/or SARS-CoV-2
| Study | P(r)EP type | Intervention | Control | Target population | Intention to treat | Sample size | Study conclusions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abella [27] | PrEP | HCQ (600 mg daily, 8 weeks) | Placebo | HCW | HCQ 4/64, 6.3% vs control 4/61, 6.6% (p >0.99) | Total: 132 HCQ: 66 Control: 66 |
No observed effect |
| Barnabas [28] | PEP | HCQ (400 mg daily; 3 days and 200 mg daily; 11 days) | Ascorbic acid (500 mg daily; 250 mg daily) | Contacts | HR = 1.1 (95% CI 0.73–1.66, p > 0.20) | Total: 671 HCQ: 337 Control: 334 |
No observed effect |
| Boulware [29] | PEP | HCQ (800 mg once; 600 mg in 6-8 hours, 600 mg for 4 days) | Placebo | Household contacts; HCW | HCQ 49/414, 11.8% vs control 58/407, 14.3% (p 0.35) | Total: 821 HCQ: 414; Control: 407 |
No observed effect |
| Mitja [32]a | PEP | HCQ (800 mg once; 400 mg daily for 6 days) | No intervention | Contacts | Risk ratio = 0.89 (95% CI 0.54–1.46) | Total; 2314 HCQ: 1116 Control: 1198 |
No observed effect |
| Rajasingham [30] | PrEP | HCQ (400 mg twice in 6-8 hours; 400 mg once weekly for 12 weeks or 400 mg twice weekly for 12 weeks) | Placebo | HCW | Once weekly: HR = 0.72 (95% CI 0.44–1.16; p 0.18) Twice weekly: HR = 0.74 (95% CI 0.46–1.19; p 0.22) |
Total: 1483 HCQ once weekly: 494 HCQ twice weekly: 495 Control: 494 |
No observed effect |
Abbreviation: CI, confidence intervals; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 19; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; HCW, healthcare workers; PEP, postexposure prophylaxis; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; VH-Fc, heavy variable domain fragment crystallization region.
∗∗ Studies identified post database search.
a
Studies identified through medRxiv.