Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable prediction analysis for overall survival
| n = 70 patient parameters | Survival | Death | Univariable* | Multivariable** | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | Median | p value | p value | HR (95%CI) | ||
| Clinical parameters | Gender | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.321 | – | |
| Age | 62.4 ± 8.0 | 65.2 ± 6.0 | 0.129 | – | ||
| T-stage | 3 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 0.208 | – | ||
| N-stage | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 0.214 | – | ||
| HPV | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.139 (0.03–0.60) | |
| Location PT | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.047 | – | ||
| Smoking (PY) | 22.3 ± 18.9 | 30.1 ± 16.8 | 0.066 | – | ||
| Alcohol (≥ 3drinks/day) | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 7 ± 0.5 | 0.09 | – | ||
| Intoxications | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.8 | ||||
| None | – | – | 0.029 | – | ||
| Smoking or alcohol use | – | – | 0.255 | – | ||
| Smoking and alcohol use | – | – | 0.012 | – | ||
| Primary tumors | ||||||
| DWI | ADCGTV (× 103 cm3) | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 1.35 ± 1.3 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 1.748 (1.20–2.55) |
| ADCmean (× 103 mm2/s) | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.024 | – | ||
| IVIM | D* (× 102 mm2/s) | 0.19 ± 0.07 | 0.16 ± 0.05 | 0.032 | 0.016 | < 0.001 (< 0.001–0.1) |
| D (mm2/s) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.009 | – | ||
| f (× 102 mm2/s) | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 0.786 | – | ||
| DCE | DCEGTV (cm3) | 10.7 ± 10.7 | 17.5 ± 13.7 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 1.059 (1.02–1.1) |
| Kep (min−1) | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 0.219 | – | ||
| Ktrans (min−1) | 0.59 ± 0.3 | 0.68 ± 0.3 | 0.089 | – | ||
| Ve | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 2.0 ± 1.7 | 0.004 | 0.019 | 5.514 (1.32–23.1) | |
| 18F-FDG-PET | MATV (cm3) | 8.9 ± 6.7 | 15.0 ± 15.9 | 0.003 | 0.088 | 1.039 (0.99–1.09) |
| SUVmax (Bq) | 8.6 ± 3.4 | 11.6 ± 5.8 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 1.189 (1.07–1.32) | |
| SUVmean (Bq) | 5.6 ± 2.1 | 7.4 ± 3.8 | 0.001 | – | ||
| SUVpeak (Bq) | 6.8 ± 2.7 | 9.2 ± 5.0 | 0.001 | – | ||
| TLG (Bq × cm3) | 55.7 ± 56.1 | 114 ± 111 | 0.0002 | – | ||
| Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
| DWI | ADCGTV (× 103) | 6.0 ± 4.5 | 5.9 ± 5.2 | 0.91 | – | |
| ADCmean | 1.1 ± 0.06 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.757 | – | ||
| IVIM | D* (× 10 mm2/s) | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 0.915 | – | |
| D (mm2/s) | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.233 | – | ||
| F (× 102 mm2/s) | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 0.44 | – | ||
| DCE | DCEGTV (cm3) | 5.1 ± 3.9 | 5.0 ± 4.0 | 0.895 | – | |
| Kep (min−1) | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 0.607 | – | ||
| Ktrans (min−1) | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 0.388 | – | ||
| Ve | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.131 | – | ||
| 18F-FDG-PET | MATV (cm3) | 5.8 ± 5.7 | 7.3 ± 9.1 | 0.177 | – | |
| SUVmax (Bq) | 7.3 ± 3.7 | 10.0 ± 4.3 | 0.015 | 0.055 | 0.563 (0.43–0.74) | |
| SUVmean (Bq) | 4.6 ± 2.1 | 6.3 ± 2.3 | 0.005 | 0.022 | 3.536 (2.56–5.26) | |
| SUVpeak (Bq) | 5.6 ± 2.8 | 7.7 ± 4.5 | 0.009 | – | ||
| TLG (Bq × cm3) | 7.0 ± 10.0 | 9.1 ± 15.6 | 0.143 | – | ||
*Univariate Cox regression analysis
**Multivariable Cox regression per modality
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of PT and LNM between survivors and patients who died. In the multivariable analysis, all parameters per modality were combined, which lead to a loss of hypopharyngeal PT location, intoxications, ADCmean, D, Ktrans, SUVmean, SUVpeak and TLG, and LNM SUVpeak as remaining predictive parameters for OS