. 2020 Aug 21;31(2):695–705. doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-07137-5

Table 2.

Patient-based ROC analysis of the leading lesions. Results based on analysis of 16 fungal lesions and 19 lymphoma manifestations and results of PyRadiomics. Additionally, the median and IQR of HeterogeneityCAD results are listed. Cutoff value and direction are only specified in case of significant differences. IQR, interquartile range; MWU, Mann-Whitney U; NICQ, non-enhanced imaging characterization quotient

	Parameter	Entity	PyRadiomics													HeterogeneityCAD
	Parameter	Entity	Median	IQR	AUC [%]	AUC 95%-CI [%]	MWU p	Sensitivity [%]	Specificity [%]	PPV [%]	NPV [%]	Accuracy [%]	Youden’s index	Cutoff	Values indicating lymphoma in relation to cutoff	Median	IQR
T1w	Skewness	Fungal	− 0.13	− 0.42 to 0.07	58.5	42–75	0.40	47.4	81.2	75.0	56.5	62.9	0.29	n. a.	n. a.	0.08	− 0.32 to 0.26
	Skewness	Lymphoma	− 0.03	0.22–0.26	58.5	42–75	0.40	47.4	81.2	75.0	56.5	62.9	0.29	n. a.	n. a.	0.04	− 0.17 to 0.30
	Kurtosis	Fungal	2.63	2.1–3.14	58.9	43–75	0.38	100.0	31.2	63.3	100.0	68.6	0.31	n. a.	n. a.	− 0.56	− 0.88 to − 0.04
	Kurtosis	Lymphoma	2.84	2.50–2.97	58.9	43–75	0.38	100.0	31.2	63.3	100.0	68.6	0.31	n. a.	n. a.	− 0.06	− 0.32 to 0.25
	Entropy	Fungal	3.52	3.08–4.04	80.2	67–93	< 0.005	63.2	87.5	85.7	66.7	74.3	0.51	4.16	≥	46.74	10.75–466.87
	Entropy	Lymphoma	4.22	3.81–4.48	80.2	67–93	< 0.005	63.2	87.5	85.7	66.7	74.3	0.51	4.16	≥	1015.14	57.77–4616.74
	Uniformity	Fungal	0.10	0.07–0.13	79.6	66–93	< 0.005	57.9	93.8	91.7	65.2	74.3	0.52	0.06	≤	113.00	35.0–1190.00
	Uniformity	Lymphoma	0.06	0.05–0.08	79.6	66–93	< 0.005	57.9	93.8	91.7	65.2	74.3	0.52	0.06	≤	2533.00	133.00–26,797.00
	Energy	Fungal	5,493,452.02	1,589,272.96–16,895,366.49	77.0	63–91	< 0.01	68.4	81.2	81.2	68.4	74.3	0.50	36,098,434.08	≥	1,191,503	338,880–5,058,725
	Energy	Lymphoma	46,742,671.37	10,869,178.24–81,239,302.99	77.0	63–91	< 0.01	68.4	81.2	81.2	68.4	74.3	0.50	36,098,434.08	≥	20,572,531	2,118,027–44,187,869
	T1Qmean	Fungal	0.82	0.68–0.92	60.2	44–76	0.32	73.7	56.2	66.7	64.3	65.7	0.30	n. a.	n. a.	0.82	0.68–0.92
	T1Qmean	Lymphoma	0.88	0.82–0.92	60.2	44–76	0.32	73.7	56.2	66.7	64.3	65.7	0.30	n. a.	n. a.	0.88	0.82–0.92
T2w	Skewness	Fungal	0.05	− 0.13 to 0.61	54.9	39–71	0.64	57.9	68.8	68.8	57.9	62.9	0.27	n. a.	n. a.	0.02	− 0.13 to 0.39
	Skewness	Lymphoma	0.50	− 0.16 to 0.67	54.9	39–71	0.64	57.9	68.8	68.8	57.9	62.9	0.27	n. a.	n. a.	0.58	0.02–0.84
	Kurtosis	Fungal	2.20	1.84–3.55	64.8	49–81	0.15	78.9	62.5	71.4	71.4	71.4	0.41	n. a.	n. a.	− 0.32	− 0.93 to 0.09
	Kurtosis	Lymphoma	2.65	2.38–3.69	64.8	49–81	0.15	78.9	62.5	71.4	71.4	71.4	0.41	n. a.	n. a.	− 0.13	− 0.47 to 0.63
	Entropy	Fungal	2.30	2.10–2.59	54.3	38–71	0.69	47.4	75.0	69.2	54.5	60.0	0.22	n. a.	n. a.	26.75	5.00–426.99
	Entropy	Lymphoma	2.48	2.05–2.98	54.3	38–71	0.69	47.4	75.0	69.2	54.5	60.0	0.22	n. a.	n. a.	1862.55	509.92–4838.30
	Uniformity	Fungal	0.22	0.18–0.25	52.0	36–68	0.86	42.1	75.0	66.7	52.2	57.1	0.17	n. a.	n. a.	87.00	35.00–957.00
	Uniformity	Lymphoma	0.22	0.15–0.29	52.0	36–68	0.86	42.1	75.0	66.7	52.2	57.1	0.17	n. a.	n. a.	6204.00	1127.00–19,005.00
	Energy	Fungal	1,456,005.39	778,937.83–3,583,723.51	79.9	67–93	< 0.005	84.2	81.2	84.2	81.2	82.9	0.65	4,477,406.27	≥	5,311,273	2,073,693–44,863,860
	Energy	Lymphoma	11,725,721.57	7,479,628.68–21,624,905.53	79.9	67–93	< 0.005	84.2	81.2	84.2	81.2	82.9	0.65	4,477,406.27	≥	24,790,691	11,897,372–109,549,995
	T2NICQmean	Fungal	23.52	4.82–41.43	72.0	57–87	< 0.05	84.2	68.8	76.2	78.6	77.1	0.53	19.01	≤	23.52	4.82–41.43
	T2NICQmean	Lymphoma	4.09	− 0.56 to 14.23	72.0	57–87	< 0.05	84.2	68.8	76.2	78.6	77.1	0.53	19.01	≤	4.09	− 0.56 to 14.23
	T2NICQ90th	Fungal	51.55	13.85–65.04	70.4	55–85	< 0.05	100.0	50.0	70.4	100.0	77.1	0.50	50.56	≤	51.55	13.85–65.04
	T2NICQ90th	Lymphoma	20.13	7.07–34.24	70.4	55–85	< 0.05	100.0	50.0	70.4	100.0	77.1	0.50	50.56	≤	20.13	7.07–34.24