TABLE 3A.

Multilevel path model: Step 1 (boarding as predictor) and Step 2 (boarding, background attributes, and personality as predictors).

	Domain-general academic motivation and engagement				Science motivation and achievement
	Positive motivation	Negative motivation	Positive engagement	Negative engagement	Positive motivation	Negative motivation	Positive engagement	Negative engagement	Achievement
Step 1
Level 1 (students)
Boarding	0.01	0.01	0.03	−0.02	−0.02	0.01	0.01	0.05**	−0.07***
Level 2 (classrooms)
Boarding					−0.33	0.09	−0.29	0.24	−0.32*
Step 2
Level 1 (students)
Boarding	0.05**	−0.02	0.06***	−0.06	0.01	−0.02	0.02	0.03**	−0.04
Age	−0.09**	0.05*	−0.12***	0.19***	−0.16***	0.04	−0.16***	0.19***	−0.04
Gender (M/FM)	0.01	0.01	−0.05	0.05*	0.01	0.06*	0.01	0.03***	−0.04
Socio−econ status (SES)	0.04	−0.02	0.01	−0.02	−0.02	0.01	−0.03	0.04	−0.01
Non−English Speaking (NESB)	0.01	0.07***	0.03	−0.01	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.04
Indigenous	0.01	0.01	−0.01	0.04	0.01	−0.02	0.01	−0.02	−0.03*
Parent education	0.01	0.01	−0.01	0.01	0.03	0.02	−0.01	−0.01	0.08***
Prior achievement	0.10***	−0.14***	0.11***	−0.11***	0.17***	−0.20***	0.13***	−0.19***	0.37***
Neuroticism	−0.03*	0.50***	0.05**	0.31***	−0.01	0.38***	0.01	0.11***	−0.03
Openness	0.31***	−0.02	0.22***	−0.01	0.30***	−0.08***	0.22***	−0.19***	0.07
Conscientiousness	0.21***	0.01	0.34***	−0.19***	0.11***	−0.07	0.23***	−0.19***	0.04
Agreeableness	0.14***	−0.03	0.07*	0.05***	0.07**	−0.02	0.05**	−0.06*	0.03
Extraversion	0.05*	0.05	0.07*	−0.02	0.01	0.05	0.06**	0.04	−0.09**
Level 2 (classrooms)
Boarding					−0.21	0.16	−0.34	0.12	−0.26
Explained variance
Step 1 Level 1 R2	< 0.001	<0.001	< 0.01	<0.001	< 0.001	<0.001	< 0.001	<0.01	< 0.01
Step 1 Level 2 R2					0.11	< 0.01	0.08	0.06	0.10
Step 2 Level 1 R2	0.37***	0.30***	0.37***	0.22***	0.26***	0.25***	0.28***	0.25***	0.20***
Step 2 Level 2 R2					0.04	0.03	0.12	0.02	0.07

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.