Table 2.
The average precipitation per unit area in some regions of the world and in Kazakhstan (μg/L/year).
Country | Years | Locations | Kind of sample | Heavy metals |
Reference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pb | Cd | Cu | As | |||||
China | 2013–2014 | Rural | Wet soluble | 0.06–0.50 | 0.03–0.98 | Zhu et al. (2015) | ||
France | 2010–2012 | Rural, northwest | Wet + dry | 142 | 9 | Connan et al. (2013) | ||
Spain | 2004–2006 | Pyrenees | Wet + dry | 1.50 | 1.32 | 1.19 | 0.07 | Bacardit and Camarero (2009) |
USA | 1992–1993 | Massachusetts | Wet + dry | 2700 | 405 | 3500 | 132 | Colomb et al. (2007) |
Japan | 2008 | West coast | Dry | 3.7–5.2 | 0.14–0.17 | 0.71–2.4 | 0.49–0.71 | Sakata et al. (2008) |
South Korea | 2006–2009 | Rural | Wet + dry | 1.06 | 0.05 | Kim et al. (2012) | ||
Turkey | 2009–2010 | Industrial | Wet + dry | 189000 | 4200 | 44800 | 2000 | Kara et al. (2014) |
Kazakhstan | 2013–2018 | Rural, north Kazakhstan | Wet | 570 | 57.1 | 3800 | 114 | Present study |
Kazakhstan | Mountains Mynzhilki | Wet | 1520 | 206.9 | 7720 | 275.9 | Present study | |
Kazakhstan | Industrial Dzheskazgan | Wet | 1130 | 414.1 | 2970 | 828.2 | Present study |