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. 2020 Dec 31;24(1):102012. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.102012

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© 2020 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

MNs with a core-shell structure featuring programmable drug-releasing kinetics with a one-time insertion mimicking the multi-injection drug or vaccine delivery systems

(A) Schematic view of the three constituent elements of the fabricated MNs: shell, cap, and drug core, demonstrating the underlying principle of the kinetics of controlled drug delivery.

(B) Optical image of the fabricated MNs. Scale bar: 0.5 cm.

(C) Step-by-step 3D manufacturing process of MNs: (1) a PDMS negative mold of MNs was filled with PLGA; (2) a positive polylactide (PLA) mold was used to encroach the MNs inside the PDMS mold; (3 and 4) arrays of drug cores were aligned and loaded into MNs in a high-throughput drug-loading process; (v) PLA supporting patch including the cap layer was attached to the MNs in a heat-sintering process. (vi) The MNs were ready after peeling off the PDMS mold (Tran et al., 2020). Adapted with permission from (Tran et al., 2020). Copyright 2020, Springer Nature.