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. 2021 Jan 18;14:58. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04563-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Efficacy (mortality) over time of indoor residual spraying of pirimiphos-methyl against wild An. gambiae (s.l.) (a) and susceptible An. gambiae s.s (b). Mortality rates were predicted from a binomial-response mixed effect model. Pirimiphos-methyl at 4 ml/m² targeted dose applied on mud (dashed lines) or cement (solid lines) walls are compared. Gray areas are 95% confidence interval of predicted means. Mortality values measured on the field are shown as blue circles (cement) and black squares (mud) of size proportional to the number of values (maximum = 20)