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. 2021 Jan 19;21:158. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10171-7

Table 1.

Implicit and explicit scores for discrimination by experiment and participant group

Implicit and Explicit Correlations
Experiment Participant Group Target/Perpetrator
B-IAT
(Implicit Discrimination)		 Explicit Group Discrimination Explicit Individual Discrimination Target/Perpetrator B-IAT and
Explicit Group Discrimination		 Target/Perpetrator B-IAT and
Explicit Individual Discrimination
N M SD Group Comparison N M SD Group Comparison N M SD Group Comparison r r
Racism People of Color 67 0.29** 0.42 ** 77 2.51** 0.74 n.s. 77 1.87** 0.85 ** 0.14 0.09
White 74 0.00 0.36 78 2.69** 0.54 78 0.76** 0.72 0.26* −0.24*
Sexism Female 77 0.29** 0.41 n.s. 75 2.48** 0.69 n.s. 75 1.83** 0.76 ** 0.16 0.28*
Male 73 0.28** 0.31 75 2.28** 0.75 75 1.07** 0.81 0.20 0.17
Heterosexism LGBQ 72 0.48** 0.46 ** 75 2.79** 0.41 ** 75 1.53** 0.79 ** −0.02 −0.10
Straight 71 0.23** 0.41 78 2.53** 0.66 78 0.31** 0.61 −0.12 − 0.04
Transphobia Trans 62 0.57** 0.39 ** 76 2.88** 0.43 n.s. 76 1.88** 0.92 n.s. −0.01 −0.04
Cis 62 0.22** 0.42 80 2.74** 0.50 80 2.14** 0.90 0.09 0.00
Ageism Older 42 0.28** 0.37 * 44 2.02** 0.70 n.s. 44 1.16** 0.81 n.s. −0.13 −0.24
Younger 79 0.13** 0.39 81 1.90** 0.78 81 1.33** 0.74 0.14 0.01
Fatphobia Heavy 75 −0.01 0.43 n.s. 78 2.51** 0.60 n.s. 78 1.51** 0.89 ** 0.14 −0.05
Not heavy 72 −0.13** 0.37 78 2.47** 0.73 78 0.60** 0.87 0.02 0.00

B-IAT scores could range from + 2 to −2, whereas explicit scores could range from 0 to + 3. Positive scores in the B-IAT and explicit group discrimination indicated the presence of a recognition of discrimination towards the target group. Positive scores in explicit individual discrimination indicated the presence of a recognition of discrimination towards self as a member of a specific social group. Zero indicated no relative preference. Note. Group comparison refers to comparison of scores (mean values) across the participant groups for each experiment; M Mean, SD standard deviation; *p < 0.05 (2-sided); ** p < 0.01 (2-sided), n.s not significant