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. 2021 Jan 18;13:12. doi: 10.1186/s13148-020-00998-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Representative STS/LTS differentially methylated regions and ontology analysis. Browser views of the a PTPRN2, b PRDM16, and c SLC12A7 genes. Gene structure is displayed in the first track. Yellow bars represent exons and the grey line introns. Vertical black arrows pointing to short purple bars denote the location of loci that underwent pyrosequencing. Direction of transcription is indicated by arrows on the grey line. The second track displays CpG islands (green bars). Track 3 represent the Δβ_(STS—LTS) of all CpGs covered by RRBS 5000 bp upstream and downstream of the gene using data from cohort 1. Each grey circle represents a CpG, and the black circles represent the DMCpG meeting p < 0.01 and |Δβ_(STS–LTS)|> 0.1 cutoff. Red lines represent the cutoff line at Δβ_(STS–LTS) ± 0.1. The blue line is a smoothed distribution of the data. Tracks 4–6 display peaks of the histone marks H3K4me3, H3K27ac, and H3K4me1, respectively derived from normal kidney. d Heatmap of ontology enrichments for a top group of pathways derived from genes linked to the 5929 DMCpGs between STS and LTS ccRCCs