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. 2018 Aug 28;11(1):225–243. doi: 10.1002/cctc.201801063

Scheme 33.

Scheme 33

Biotransformation of ricinoleic acid to (E)‐11‐(heptanoyloxy) undec‐9‐enoic acid (11‐HOUA) using resting Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells co‐expressing Adhp and BVMO.