Table 3.
Familial risks of discordant autoimmune diseases.
| Subtypes of AID in offspring | Family history of AID | Both genders | Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obs. | SIR | 95% CI | Obs. | SIR | 95% CI | Obs. | SIR | 95% CI | |||||
| Pernicious anemia | Addison disease | 16 | 2.45 | 1.40 | 3.99 | 7 | 2.84 | 1.13 | 5.88 | 9 | 2.22 | 1.01 | 4.23 |
| Addison disease | Pernicious anemia | 29 | 1.97 | 1.32 | 2.84 | 12 | 1.94 | 1.00 | 3.39 | 17 | 2.00 | 1.16 | 3.22 |
| Pernicious anemia | Celiac disease | 68 | 1.43 | 1.11 | 1.82 | 22 | 1.33 | 0.83 | 2.02 | 46 | 1.49 | 1.09 | 1.98 |
| Celiac disease | Pernicious anemia | 227 | 1.44 | 1.26 | 1.64 | 89 | 1.54 | 1.23 | 1.89 | 138 | 1.38 | 1.16 | 1.63 |
| Pernicious anemia | Crohn disease | 136 | 1.70 | 1.43 | 2.02 | 47 | 1.64 | 1.20 | 2.18 | 89 | 1.74 | 1.40 | 2.14 |
| Crohn disease | Pernicious anemia | 265 | 1.24 | 1.10 | 1.40 | 126 | 1.21 | 1.01 | 1.44 | 139 | 1.28 | 1.07 | 1.51 |
| Pernicious anemia | Diabetes mellitus type I | 35 | 1.53 | 1.06 | 2.13 | 12 | 1.86 | 0.96 | 3.26 | 23 | 1.40 | 0.89 | 2.10 |
| Diabetes mellitus type I | Pernicious anemia | 167 | 1.74 | 1.48 | 2.02 | 86 | 1.69 | 1.35 | 2.09 | 81 | 1.79 | 1.42 | 2.22 |
| Pernicious anemia | Giant-cell arteritis | 70 | 1.66 | 1.30 | 2.10 | 29 | 1.65 | 1.10 | 2.37 | 41 | 1.68 | 1.20 | 2.28 |
| Giant-cell arteritis | Pernicious anemia | 89 | 1.14 | 0.91 | 1.40 | 31 | 1.11 | 0.75 | 1.58 | 58 | 1.16 | 0.88 | 1.49 |
| Pernicious anemia | Graves | 201 | 1.52 | 1.32 | 1.74 | 74 | 1.45 | 1.14 | 1.82 | 127 | 1.56 | 1.30 | 1.86 |
| Graves | Pernicious anemia | 424 | 1.57 | 1.43 | 1.73 | 74 | 1.64 | 1.29 | 2.06 | 350 | 1.56 | 1.40 | 1.73 |
| Pernicious anemia | Hashimoto thyroiditis | 130 | 1.41 | 1.17 | 1.67 | 44 | 1.28 | 0.93 | 1.72 | 86 | 1.48 | 1.18 | 1.83 |
| Hashimoto thyroiditis | Pernicious anemia | 266 | 1.20 | 1.06 | 1.36 | 45 | 1.23 | 0.89 | 1.64 | 221 | 1.20 | 1.05 | 1.37 |
| Pernicious anemia | Polymyalgia rheumatica | 82 | 0.82 | 0.65 | 1.02 | 38 | 0.86 | 0.61 | 1.18 | 44 | 0.79 | 0.57 | 1.06 |
| Polymyalgia rheumatica | Pernicious anemia | 146 | 1.27 | 1.08 | 1.50 | 65 | 1.29 | 1.00 | 1.65 | 81 | 1.26 | 1.00 | 1.57 |
| Pernicious anemia | Psoriasis | 413 | 1.28 | 1.16 | 1.41 | 163 | 1.37 | 1.17 | 1.60 | 250 | 1.23 | 1.08 | 1.39 |
| Psoriasis | Pernicious anemia | 957 | 1.13 | 1.06 | 1.21 | 475 | 1.16 | 1.06 | 1.27 | 482 | 1.11 | 1.01 | 1.21 |
| Pernicious anemia | Rheumatoid arthritis | 391 | 1.29 | 1.17 | 1.43 | 155 | 1.25 | 1.06 | 1.46 | 236 | 1.33 | 1.16 | 1.51 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Pernicious anemia | 576 | 1.21 | 1.12 | 1.32 | 157 | 1.02 | 0.87 | 1.19 | 419 | 1.31 | 1.19 | 1.44 |
| Pernicious anemia | Sarcoidosis | 63 | 1.16 | 0.89 | 1.48 | 24 | 1.13 | 0.73 | 1.69 | 39 | 1.17 | 0.83 | 1.60 |
| Sarcoidosis | Pernicious anemia | 157 | 1.20 | 1.02 | 1.41 | 88 | 1.17 | 0.94 | 1.45 | 69 | 1.25 | 0.97 | 1.58 |
| Pernicious anemia | Sjögren syndrome | 42 | 1.43 | 1.03 | 1.93 | 11 | 0.99 | 0.49 | 1.78 | 31 | 1.69 | 1.15 | 2.40 |
| Sjögren syndrome | Pernicious anemia | 97 | 1.45 | 1.17 | 1.77 | 10 | 1.39 | 0.66 | 2.57 | 87 | 1.46 | 1.17 | 1.80 |
| Pernicious anemia | Systemic lupus erythematosus | 34 | 1.57 | 1.09 | 2.20 | 17 | 2.01 | 1.17 | 3.23 | 17 | 1.29 | 0.75 | 2.06 |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | Pernicious anemia | 64 | 1.48 | 1.14 | 1.89 | 10 | 1.39 | 0.66 | 2.56 | 54 | 1.49 | 1.12 | 1.95 |
| Pernicious anemia | Ulcerative colitis | 146 | 1.07 | 0.90 | 1.25 | 51 | 1.01 | 0.75 | 1.32 | 95 | 1.10 | 0.89 | 1.35 |
| Ulcerative colitis | Pernicious anemia | 416 | 1.14 | 1.03 | 1.25 | 226 | 1.15 | 1.00 | 1.31 | 190 | 1.13 | 0.97 | 1.30 |
Bold values indicate that 95% CI does not include 1.00. O = observed number of cases; SIR = standardized incidence ratio; CI = confidence interval.