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. 2020 Aug 4;268(1):178–188. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10125-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Pitfall interference on sensory-motor output and intrinsic brain activity. Several arguments point to distinguishing CMD as a separate entity from disorders of consciousness, the latter being more the expression of widespread cortico-thalamic dysregulation directly impairing cognition and awareness. LIS is characterized by preserved consciousness and cortical functions and a complete motor output disruption. CMD reflects rather a dysfunction of the motor planning cortico-subcortical circuitries, with pitfalls negatively interacting with sensory input and/or motor output. CMD cognitive motor dissociation, PNP polyneuropathy, UWS unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, MCS minimally conscious state, LIS locked-in syndrome, DOC disorders of consciousness