TABLE 1.
Sample characteristics and assessment scores [mean (SD)].
| Survey 1 | Survey 2 | Survey 3 | |
| Number of pairs | 152 | 74 | 407 |
| Children | |||
| Age (years) | 19.8 (1.2) | 19.6 (2.5) | 13.9 (1.2) |
| Sex (female/male) | 64/88 | 38/36 | 218/189 |
| BCIS | |||
| Self-reflectiveness | 15.8 (3.1) | – | – |
| Self-certainty | 7.8 (2.8) | – | – |
| Composite score | 8.0 (4.4) | – | – |
| AQ-J-50 | |||
| Social skills | 4.4 (2.9) | – | – |
| Attention switching | 5.2 (1.8) | – | – |
| Attention to detail | 4.6 (2.3) | – | – |
| Communication | 3.9 (2.2) | – | – |
| Imagination | 4.1 (2.0) | – | – |
| Total | 22.3 (7.2) | – | – |
| Communication with parent | |||
| Via direct contact (%) | |||
| Almost every day | 68.7 | 71.0 | – |
| At least once a week | 1.4 | 2.9 | – |
| At least once a month | 1.4 | 4.3 | – |
| Less than once a month | 28.6 | 21.7 | – |
| Via telephone (%) | |||
| Almost every day | 9.5 | 7.2 | – |
| At least once a week | 17.0 | 18.8 | – |
| At least once a month | 36.7 | 30.4 | – |
| Less than once a month | 36.7 | 43.5 | – |
| Via email (%) | |||
| Almost every day | 25.2 | 31.9 | – |
| At least once a week | 31.3 | 33.3 | – |
| At least once a month | 32.0 | 23.2 | – |
| Less than once a month | 11.6 | 11.6 | – |
| CMS | |||
| CMS metacognition | 3.5 (2.1) | 3.5 (2.1) | 4.7 (2.6) |
| CMS self-judgment accuracy | 2.7 (1.6) | 3.2 (2.6) | 2.8 (2.2) |
| Parents | |||
| Age (years) | 51.5 (3.6) | 52.7 (4.8) | 46.4 (4.4) |
| Sex (F/M/unknown) | 144/7/1 | 68/4/2 | 389/17/1 |
| Communication with child | |||
| Via direct contact (%) | |||
| Almost every day | 62.6 | 76.8 | – |
| At least once a week | 3.4 | 0 | – |
| At least once a month | 2.7 | 1.4 | – |
| Less than once a month | 31.3 | 21.7 | – |
| Via telephone (%) | |||
| Almost every day | 5.4 | 7.2 | – |
| At least once a week | 14.3 | 18.8 | – |
| At least once a month | 32.7 | 30.4 | – |
| Less than once a month | 47.6 | 43.5 | – |
| Via email (%) | |||
| Almost every day | 29.9 | 33.3 | – |
| At least once a week | 37.4 | 44.9 | – |
| At least once a month | 24.5 | 10.1 | – |
| Less than once a month | 8.2 | 11.6 | – |
SD, standard deviation; BCIS, Beck Cognitive Insight Scale; Composite score = self-reflectiveness – self-certainty; AQ-J-50, Japanese version of 50-item Autism-Spectrum Quotient; CMS, Congruency-based metacognition scale; F, female; M, male.