Figure 4.

Reduced Self-Diploidization by Promotion of OXPHOS or Inhibition of Glycolysis

(A) Mitochondrial stress test to detect mitochondrial energy metabolism and respiratory functions in Etl4-KO and WT OdG haESCs.

(B) Quantification of the mitochondrial stress test presented in (A) (n = 3 independent experiments).

(C) The glycolytic stress test to measure glycolytic activities in Etl4-KO and WT OdG haESCs.

(D) Quantification of glycolytic activities in (C) (n = 3 independent experiments).

(E and F) DNA content analysis of haploid cells in OdG (E) and EG1 (F) haESCs treated with 3-BrPA (12.5 μg/mL) and 1,25-(OH)₂D3 (5 μM) for 12 days.

Data in (B), (D), (E), and (F) are presented as means ± SEM, ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.