Table 1.
Enzyme complex and metabolon identified in plants
| Metabolic pathway | Protein–protein interactions method | Substrate channel | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glycolysis | 2D gel, blue-native PAGE | Isotope dilution experiment | Giege et al., 2003; Graham et al., 2007 |
| TCA cycle | AP–MS, split-LUC, Y2sH, BiFC | Isotope dilution experiment | Zhang et al., 2017 |
| Mitochondrial electron transport chain | Protein structural evidence | Not proven | Milenkovic et al., 2017; Lobo-Jarne and Ugalde, 2018 |
| Calvin–Benson cycle | Protein structural evidence | Not proven | Yu et al., 2020 |
| Purine nucleotide synthesis | Proposed | Isotope dilution experiment; metabolite imaging experiments | Pareek et al., 2020 |
| Starch synthesis | CoIP, Y2H, AP–MS, SEC, XC | Not proven | Tetlow et al., 2004; Lin et al., 2017 |
| Polyamine synthesis | SEC | Not proven | Panicot et al., 2002 |
| Dhurrin | SMALP, FLIM/FRET, FCS | Isotope dilution experiment | Møller and Conn, 1980; Laursen et al., 2016 |
| Auxin | FLIM/FRET | Not proven | Kriechbaumer et al., 2017 |
| Phenylpropanoid core pathway | FRET, coIP | Isotope dilution experiment | Achnine et al., 2004 |
| Flavonols | CoIP, AP, Y2H | Not proven (however, metabolite protein docking models support it) | Crosby et al., 2011; Diharce et al., 2016; Fujino et al., 2018; Nakayama et al., 2019 |
| Isoflavonoids | CoIP, BiFC, Y2H | Not proven | Dastmalchi et al., 2016; Mameda et al., 2018 |
| Camalexin | CoIP, FRET-FLIM | Not proven | Mucha et al., 2019 |
| Lignin | Co-sublocation, AP–MS, FRET, Y2H, BiFC, coIP | Not proven (however, metabolic modeling supports it) | Chen et al., 2011; Bassard et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2012; Gou et al., 2018; Dixon and Barros, 2019 |
| Isoprenoids | Y2H | Not proven | Camagna et al., 2019 |
| Bitter acids | Y2H, coIP | Not proven | Li et al., 2015 |
| Monoterpene indole alkaloids | BiFC | Not proven | Stavrinides et al., 2015 |
| Sporopollenin | CoIP, Y2H, FLIM/FRET | Not proven | Lallemand et al., 2013 |
AP, affinity purification; MS, mass spectrometry; split-LUC, split-luciferase complementation; Y2H, yeast-two-hybrid assay; BiFC, bimolecular fluorescent complementation assay; coIP, co-immunoprecipitation; XC, crosslinking; SEC, size-exclusion chromatography; SMALP, styrene maleic acid lipid particle; FLIM, fluorescent lifetime measurement; FRET, fluorescent resonance energy transfer.