Table 1.
Participant characteristics across studies.
| Study 1 | Study 2 | Study 3 | Pooled | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 45 | N = 36 | N = 30 | N = 111 | |
| Age (years) | 30.4 (SD = 12.8), 18-76 | 31.7 (SD = 11.9), 20-59 | 31.6 (SD = 10.3), 18-56 | 31.1 (SD = 11.8), 18-76 |
| Sex | 22 M, 23 F | 18 M, 18 F | 15 M, 15 F | 55 M, 56 F |
| BMI | M = 27.3 (SD = 4.2), 18.9–42.2 | M = 26.7 (SD = 3.6), 20.1–35.5 | M = 26.1 (SD = 2.3), 22.5–29.8 | M = 26.8 (SD = 3.6), 18.9–42.2 |
| Usual portion size | M = 1.1 (SD = 0.4), 0.5–2.0 | M = 0.9 (SD = 0.3), 0.4–1.8 | M = 1.0 (SD = 0.2), 0.5–1.6 | M = 1.0 (SD = 0.3), 0.4–2.0 |
| Restrained eating | M = 2.5 (SD = 0.7), 1.0–4.0 | M = 2.5 (SD = 0.8), 1.0–4.1 | M = 2.6 (SD = 0.6), 1.4–3.5 | M = 2.5 (SD = 0.7), 1.0–4.1 |
| Emotional eating | M = 2.4 (SD = 1.0), 1.0–4.7 | M = 2.4 (SD = 0.9), 1.0–4.5 | M = 2.5 (SD = 0.9), 1.0–4.2 | M = 2.4 (SD = 0.9), 1.0–4.7 |
| External eating | M = 3.3 (SD = 0.7), 1.9–4.5 | M = 3.2 (SD = 0.6), 2.0–4.5 | M = 3.5 (SD = 0.6), 2.1–4.4 | M = 3.3 (SD = 0.6), 1.9–4.5 |
| Plate clearing tendencies | M = 4.3 (SD = 0.9), 1.6–5.0 | M = 4.2 (SD = 0.9) 1.4–5.0 | M = 4.5 (SD = 0.5), 3.0–5.0 | M = 4.3 (SD = 0.8), 1.4–5.0 |
| Food waste concerns | M = 4.9 (SD = 1.3), 2.2–7.0 | M = 5.0 (SD = 1.2), 2.4–7.0 | M = 5.5 (SD = 1.1), 2.8–7.0 | M = 5.1 (SD = 1.2), 2.2–7.0 |
| Self-control | M = 2.8 (SD = 0.8), 1.5–4.7 | M = 3.1 (SD = 0.5), 2.0–4.1 | M = 3.2 (SD = 0.5), 2.0–4.1 | M = 3.0 (SD = 0.6), 1.5–4.7 |
| Satiety responsiveness | – | – | M = 2.2 (SD = 0.6), 1.0–4.0 | – |
M = mean, SD = standard deviation, X-X = minimum and maximum values. BMI (body mass index) = measured weight (kg)/height (m)2. Usual portion size values are how participants' self-reported usual portion size correspond to manufacturer recommended serving size (e.g. 1.0 = same as recommended serving, 2.0 = twice the size of recommended serving). Restrained, Emotional and External eating are scored on 1–5 scales. Plate clearing tendencies are scored on a 1–5 scale, Food waste concerns are scored on a 1–7 scale. Self-control is scored on a 1–5 scale. Satiety responsiveness is scored on a 1–4 scale. Higher scores indicate increased tendencies for all measures.