Fig. 5.

Ecosystem interaction network from (A) clear: >420 μmol·L⁻¹·m⁻²·s⁻¹ PAR and (B) turbid sites: <350 μmol·L⁻¹·m⁻²·s⁻¹ PAR. Teal boxes relate to external factors (nutrient addition is experimental manipulation; Ave. daily max PAR is the effect of turbidity on available photosynthetically active radiation). Purple boxes denote sediment characteristics (Chl a represents the standing stock of microphytobenthos; mud, mud in sediment; OM, organic matter in sediment). The blue box relates to oxygen (BOC, benthic oxygen consumption). Yellow boxes relate to nitrogen processing (Denitrification (N₂); NH₄ flux, flux across the sediment–water interface. Pink boxes relate to the abundance of large shellfish (individuals >20 mm shell length). Red arrows indicate positive relationships and black negative. Arrow thickness indicates relationship strength.