. 2020 Apr 27;65(1):1901071. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201901071

Table 3.

Studies evaluating the effects of β‐glucans on immune and inflammatory biomarkers and infection in older adults

Reference	Population	Intervention	Outcome vs placebo (*p < 0.05)
Fuller et al. 2017 ^[ ¹⁰⁸ ^]	49 participants, mean age 56 years	250 mg Wellmune or placebo per day (13 weeks)	*Significant increase in LPS‐stimulated IFN‐γ production Reduction in symptomatic days (p = 0.067); Non‐significant changes in symptom severity, plasma cytokine, chemokine, and salivary IgA concentrations
Gaullier et al. 2016 ^[ ¹⁰⁹ ^]	42 participants aged 65 years and over	2.5 mg Lentinex or placebo per day (6 weeks)	*Increased number of circulating B cells and prevention of decline in T cells (CD3⁺) Non‐significant changes in other immunological and inflammatory markers such as immunoglobulins, complement proteins, and cytokines

Reference

Population

Intervention

Outcome vs placebo (*p < 0.05)

Fuller et al. 2017 ^[ ¹⁰⁸ ^]

49 participants, mean age 56 years

250 mg Wellmune or placebo per day (13 weeks)

*Significant increase in LPS‐stimulated IFN‐γ production

Reduction in symptomatic days (p = 0.067);

Non‐significant changes in symptom severity, plasma cytokine, chemokine, and salivary IgA concentrations

Gaullier et al. 2016 ^[ ¹⁰⁹ ^]

42 participants aged 65 years and over

2.5 mg Lentinex or placebo per day (6 weeks)

*Increased number of circulating B cells and prevention of decline in T cells (CD3⁺)

Non‐significant changes in other immunological and inflammatory markers such as immunoglobulins, complement proteins, and cytokines