Figure 5.

Treatment of HeLa cells with 10 and 20 µM luteolin for 48 h resulted in a decrease in various cell cycle regulatory, AKT/MAPK pathway and apoptotic genes in a dose-dependent manner. (A) Decrease in cell cycle regulatory and AKT/PI3K and MAPK pathway genes. (B) Increase in the RQ values of pro-apoptotic genes and downregulation of anti-apoptotic genes following treatment with 10 and 20 µM luteolin for 48 h. The results were normalised using the endogenous control, GAPDH, and the expression in treated samples was compared with DMSO control samples. (C) Analysis of Caspase 3 activity following treatment with 5, 10 and 20 µM luteolin for 48 h. Luteolin treatment of HeLa cells increases the caspase activity by 2-, 4- and 8-fold following treatment with 5, 10 and 20 µM for 48 h, respectively. Results depict the caspase activity of treated samples as compared with the DMSO controls. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments *P<0.05. RQ, relative quantitation.