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. 2021 Jan 20;895:173890. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173890

Table 2.

Physical and chemical information and structure of drugs

(https://www.usp.org/); (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/).

No Name Chemical Formula Melting Point (°C) Molecular Weight (g/mol) Color/Form Physical Description Solubility Identification IUPAC Name Structure
1 Darunavir C27H37N3O7S 74–76 547.7 White, amorphous solid Solid In water 0.15 mg/ml at 20 °C HPLC [(3aS,4R,6aR)-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro [2,3-b]furan-4-yl] N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl-(2-methylpropyl)amino]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]carbamate Image 2
2 Oseltamivir C16H28N2O4 190–206 312.4 White, solid Solid In water, 1.6 × 10 + 3 mg/L at 25 °C LC ethyl (3R,4R,5S)-4-acetamido-5-amino-3-pentan-3-yloxycyclohexene-1-carboxylate Image 3
3 Favipiravir C5H4FN3O2 187–193 157.1 white to light yellow, Solid Solid slightly soluble in water HPLC 5-fluoro-2-oxo-1H-pyrazine-3-carboxamide Image 4
4 Umifenovir C22H25BrN2O3S 133–137 477.4 White, Solid Solid “Expected to be poorly soluble HPLC ethyl 6-bromo-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxylate Image 5
5 Remdesivir C27H35N6O8P 127 602.6 white to off-white to yellow, Solid Solid Insoluble in water and soluble in ethanol HPLC Mass/Mass 2-ethylbutyl (2S)-2-[[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-aminopyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-7-yl)-5-cyano-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-phenoxyphosphoryl]amino]propanoate Image 6
6 Ribavirin C8H12N4O5 174–176 244.2 Colorless, Solid Solid In water, 142 mg/ml at 25 °C IR, TLC 1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide Image 7
7 Nafamostat C19H17N5O2 217–220° 347.4 Colorless, Solid Solid In water, 25 mg/ml at 25 °C HLPC (6-carbamimidoylnaphthalen-2-yl) 4-(diaminomethylideneamino)benzoate Image 8
8 Heparin C26H42N2O37S5 >228 1134.9 White or pale-colored amorphous powder Solid Soluble in water Chromatography 6-[6-[6-[5-acetamido-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(sulfooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-5-sulfooxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(sulfoamino)-4-sulfooxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfooxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Image 9
Camostat C20H22N4O5 194–198 398.4 white to tan, Solid Solid In water, 24 mg/ml at 25 °C HPLC [4-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]phenyl] 4-(diaminomethylideneamino)benzoate Image 10
9 Lopinavir C37H48N4O5 124–127 628.8 White to light tan powder Solid Practically insoluble reversed phase chromatographic method HPLC (2S)–N-[(2S,4S,5S)-5-[[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxo-1,3-diazinan-1-yl)butanamide Image 11
10 Ritonavir C37H48N6O5S2 126–132 720.9 White to light tan powder Solid Practically insoluble FTIR, LC/MS, HPLC, Polarimetry 1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl N-[(2S,3S,5S)-3-hydroxy-5-[[(2S)-3-methyl-2-[[methyl-[(2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]carbamoyl]amino]butanoyl]amino]-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl]carbamate Image 12
11 Nelfinavir C32H45N3O4S 349.84 567.8 white to off-white Solid Slightly soluble Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (3S,4aS,8aS)-N-tert-butyl-2-[(2R,3R)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-phenylsulfanylbutyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1H-isoquinoline-3-carboxamide Image 13
12 Teicoplanin C88H97Cl2N9O33 260 1879.7 white to faint yellow Solid In water, 10 mg/ml at 25 °C HPLC (1S,2R,19R,22R,34S,37R,40R,52S)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-22-amino-5,15-dichloro-64-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-(decanoylamino)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-26,31,44,49-tetrahydroxy-21,35,38,54,56,59-hexaoxo-47-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-7,13,28-trioxa-20,36,39,53,55,58-hexazaundecacyclo[38.14.2.23,6.214,17.219,34.18,12.123,27.129,33.141,45.010,37.046,51]hexahexaconta-3,5,8,10,12(64),14,16,23(61),24,26,29(60),30,32,41(57),42,44,46(51),47,49,62,65-henicosaene-52-carboxylic acid Image 14
13 Azithromycin C38H72N2O12 126 749 Amorphous solid Solid In water, 2.37 mg/ml at 25 °C LC, UV (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-11-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-13-[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one Image 15
14 Hydroxychloroquine C18H26ClN3O 89–91 335.9 white Solid In water,2.61e-02 g/L at 25 °C LC 2-[4-[(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]pentyl-ethylamino]ethanol Image 16
15 Thalidomide C13H10N2O4 270 258.23 Needles Solid In water, 545 mg/L at 25 °C HPLC, TLC 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindole-1,3-dione Image 17
16 Losartan C22H23ClN6O 178–184 422.9 Light yellow solid Solid In water, 8.22 mg/L at 25 °C HPLC [2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol Image 18
17 Icatibant C59H89N19O13S 213–218 1304.5 White Solid Solid In water, 1 mg/ml at 25 °C HPLC (2S)-2-[[(2S,3aS,7aS)-1-[(3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S,4R)-1-[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-thiophen-2-ylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-3-carbonyl]-2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-octahydroindole-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid Image 19
18 Ivermectin C48H74O14 155 875.1 colorless,Solid Solid In water, 4 mg/L at 25 °C IR, HPLC (1R,4S,5′S,6R,6′R,8R,10E,12S,13S,14E,16E,20R,21R,24S)-6'-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-21,24-dihydroxy-12-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-5-[(2S,4S,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5′,11,13,22-tetramethylspiro[3,7,19-trioxatetracyclo[15.6.1.14,8.020,24]pentacosa- trioxatetracyclo[15.6.1.14,8.020,24]pentacosa10,14,16,22-tetraene-6,2′-oxane]-2-one Image 20
19 Nitazoxanide C12H9N3O5S 202 307.28 light yellow, Solid Solid Insoluble in water. HPLC 2-[(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl acetate Image 21
20 Emetine C29H40N2O4 74.0 480.6 White amorphous powder Solid Water soluble IR, UV (2S,3R,11bS)-2-[[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-3-ethyl-9,10-dimethoxy-2,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-1H-benzo[a]quinolizine Image 22
21 Famotidine C8H15N7O2S3 163.5 337.5 White to pale yellow crystals Solid In water, 1000 mg/L at 25 °C Chromatography 3-[[2-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methylsulfanyl]-N′-sulfamoylpropanimidamide Image 23

Abbreviations: IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; HPLC: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography; UV: Ultra Violet; IR: Infrared; LC: Liquid Chromatography; TLC: Thin-layer chromatography; FTIR: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.