Table 1.

List of All Participating Models, Giving Abbreviated Model Name, as Used in the Text

Model name	Grid length	Atmospheric model	Land surface model
MetUM	26 km	Walters et al. (2017)	Walters et al. (2017)
CAM5	100 km	Neale et al. (2012)	Lawrence et al. (2011)
IFS	40 km	ECMWF (2015)	ECMWF (2015)
TaiESM	100 km	Wang et al. (2015)	Lawrence et al. (2011)
WRF-Noah	36 km	Ma, Rasch, et al. (2014)	Ek et al. (2003)
WRF-CLM	36 km	Ma, Rasch, et al. (2014)	Lawrence et al. (2011)
LMDZOR	140 km	Hourdin et al. (2013)	Krinner et al. (2005)
CanCM4	310 km	von Salzen et al. (2013)	Verseghy (2000)
CNRM-CM	150 km	Voldoire et al. (2013)	Masson et al. (2013)
CNRM-NWP	20 km	Pailleux et al. (2015)	Noihlan and Planton (1989)
CAM5-IPHOC	100 km	Cheng and Xu (2015)	Lawrence et al. (2011)

Notes. The grid box dimension in the North-South direction is given as a representative value of horizontal grid length. A main reference for the atmospheric and land surface models is given. A full description of each model, with comprehensive references, is given in Appendix A. MetUM = Met Office Unified Model; CAM5 = Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1; IFS = Integrated Forecast System; TaiESM = Taiwan Earth System Model; WRF-Noah = Weather Research and Forecasting-Noah; WRF-CLM = Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Land Model; LMDZOR = Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Zoom coupled to ORCHIDEE; CanCM4 = Canadian Climate Model version 4; CNRM-CM = Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques-climate model; CNRM-NWP = Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques-numerical weather prediction; CAM5-IPHOC = CAM5-intermediately prognostic higher-order turbulence closure.