Table 3.

Pathological Findings of 16 COVID-19 Autopsy Cases Examined by CVPath

Case	Age (yrs)	Sex	Autopsy Determined Cause of Death	Heart Weight (g)	Pericardial Effusion at Autopsy	Quantification of Effusion (ml)	Epicardial Inflammation		AMI	Myocardial Inflammation		Nonischemic Myocardial Necrosis	Virus RT-PCR
							Yes/No (Degree)∗	Cell Type		Yes/No	Cell Type		Heart	Lung
1	80	M	DAD	385	Yes	50–100	No		No	No†		No	+(LA)	+
2	28	M	AH	444	No	<20	Yes (Mild)	Lym	No	No		No	ND	ND
3	80	F	DAD	415	Yes	50–100	No		No	No†		No	ND	+
4	65	F	DAD	350	Yes	50–100	No		No	No		No	ND	+
5	80	F	DAD, AH, PT	304	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Lym	No	No†		No	ND	+
6	43	F	AMI, DAD, PT	278	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Neut, Lym	Yes	Yes	Neut‡	No	ND	+
7	86	M	DAD, AH	477	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Lym	No	No†		No	ND	+
8	57	M	DAD, BP	393	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Lym	No	Yes†	Lym	No	ND	+
9	81	M	AMI	900	Yes	50–100	No		Yes	Yes	Neut‡	No	ND	ND
10	66	M	DAD, AH	450	Yes	50–100	Yes (Moderate)	Lym	No	Yes	Lym	No	ND	+
11	73	M	DAD, AH, PT	468	Yes	50–100	Yes (Moderate)	Lym	No	No		No	+(RA)	+
12	63	M	DAD, AH, PT	641	Yes	50–100	No		No	No		No	ND	+
13	86	M	DAD, AH, PT	384	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Neut, Lym, Plasma	No	No		No	ND	+
14	57	M	DAD, PT	373	Yes	50–100	No		No	No		No	ND	+
15	56	M	DAD, PT	353	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Lym	No	No		No	ND	ND
16	82	F	DAD, AMI	475	Yes	50–100	Yes (Mild)	Lym	Yes	Yes	Neut‡	No	ND	ND
Total	70 (57–80)	Male 11 (69%)	AMI 3 (19%), DAD 13 (81%), PT 8 (50%)	404 (368–470)	15 (94%)		10 (63%)	—	3 (19%)	5 (31%)	—	0 (0%)	2 (13%)	12 (75%)

Continuous values are expressed by a median (interquartile range).

AH = alveolar hemorrhage; AMI = acute myocardial infarction; BP = bronchial pneumonia; DAD = diffuse alveolar damage due to coronavirus; LA = left atrium; Lym = lymphocytes; ND = not detected; Neut = neutrophils; Plasma = plasma cells; PT = pulmonary thrombus; RA = right atrium; y/n = yes or no; other abbreviations as in Table 2.

^∗Degree of inflammation in epicardium was classified into 3: mild (≥50 and <100 per mm²), moderate (≥100 and <500 per mm²), and severe (≥500 per mm²).

^†Additional examination by immunohistochemistry was done (see Figure 1).

^‡Neutrophil infiltration in the area of acute myocardial infarction.