Table 1.
Characteristics of pregnant women and their approaches of accessing antenatal care information during the COVID-19 outbreak in China (N=1873).
| Characteristic | Accessing antenatal care information via hospital hotlines or SMS | Accessing health care information via hospital official accounts on social media platforms | Accessing health care information via friends or family members | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
No, n (%)a | Yes, n (%) | Chi-square (df) | P valueb | No, n (%) | Yes, n (%) | Chi-square (df) | P valueb | No, n (%) | Yes, n (%) | Chi-square (df) | P valueb | ||
| Overall | 988 (52.7) | 885 (47.3) | —c | — | 457 (24.4%) | 1416 (75.6) | — | — | 1127 (60.2) | 746 (39.8) | — | — | |||
|
Age (years)d
|
0.9 (1) | .34 |
|
|
4.8 (1) | .03 |
|
|
4.6 (1) | .03 | |||||
|
|
<29 | 373 (51.4) | 353 (48.6) |
|
|
197 (27.1) | 529 (72.9) |
|
|
459 (63.2) | 267 (36.8) |
|
|
||
|
|
≥29 | 615 (53.6) | 532 (46.4) |
|
|
260 (22.7) | 887 (77.3) |
|
|
668 (58.2) | 479 (41.8) |
|
|
||
| Education level | 10.7 (2) | .005 |
|
|
51.8 (2) | <.001 |
|
|
7.8 (2) | .02 | |||||
|
|
Junior high or lower | 103 (46) | 121 (54) |
|
|
88 (39.3) | 136 (60.7) |
|
|
143 (63.8) | 81 (36.2) |
|
|
||
|
|
Senior high | 130 (46.9) | 147 (53.1) |
|
|
92 (33.2) | 185 (66.8) |
|
|
184 (66.4) | 93 (33.6) |
|
|
||
|
|
College or higher | 755 (55) | 617 (45) |
|
|
277 (20.2) | 1095 (79.8) |
|
|
800 (58.3) | 572 (41.7) |
|
|
||
| Employment status | 1.1 (1) | .30 |
|
|
8.8 (1) | .003 |
|
|
2.3 (1) | .13 | |||||
|
|
Unemployed | 140 (55.8) | 111 (44.2) |
|
|
80 (31.9) | 171 (68.1) |
|
|
162 (64.5) | 89 (35.5) |
|
|
||
|
|
Employed | 848 (52.3) | 774 (47.7) |
|
|
377 (23.2) | 1245 (76.8) |
|
|
965 (59.5) | 657 (40.5) |
|
|
||
| Parity | 17.9 (1) | <.001 |
|
|
1.5 (1) | .23 |
|
|
3.1 (1) | .08 | |||||
|
|
Primiparous | 685 (56.3) | 531 (43.7) |
|
|
286 (23.5) | 930 (76.5) |
|
|
714 (58.7) | 502 (41.3) |
|
|
||
|
|
Multiparous | 303 (46.1) | 354 (53.9) |
|
|
171 (26) | 486 (74) |
|
|
413 (62.9) | 244 (37.1) |
|
|
||
| Trimester | 21.1 (2) | <.001 |
|
|
18.6 (2) | <.001 |
|
|
3.2 (2) | .20 | |||||
|
|
1st | 271 (45.3) | 327 (54.7) |
|
|
112 (18.7) | 486 (81.3) |
|
|
348 (58.2) | 250 (41.8) |
|
|
||
|
|
2nd | 384 (54.6) | 319 (45.4) |
|
|
204 (29) | 499 (71) |
|
|
441 (62.7) | 262 (37.3) |
|
|
||
|
|
3rd | 333 (58.2) | 239 (41.8) |
|
|
141 (24.7) | 431 (75.3) |
|
|
338 (59.1) | 234 (40.9) |
|
|
||
| Living area | 0.4 (2) | .83 |
|
|
36.0 (2) | <.001 |
|
|
4.8 (2) | .09 | |||||
|
|
Urban | 699 (52.5) | 632 (47.5) |
|
|
286 (21.5) | 1045 (78.5) |
|
|
781 (58.7) | 550 (41.3) |
|
|
||
|
|
Suburban | 174 (52.4) | 158 (47.6) |
|
|
86 (25.9) | 246 (74.1) |
|
|
208 (62.7) | 124 (37.3) |
|
|
||
|
|
Rural | 115 (54.8) | 95 (45.2) |
|
|
85 (40.5) | 125 (59.5) |
|
|
138 (65.7) | 72 (34.3) |
|
|
||
| Current residence | 21.8 (1) | <.001 |
|
|
7.1 (1) | .008 |
|
|
0.0 (1) | .96 | |||||
|
|
Non-Shanghai | 285 (62.2) | 173 (37.8) |
|
|
133 (29) | 325 (71) |
|
|
276 (60.3) | 182 (39.7) |
|
|
||
|
|
Shanghai | 703 (49.7) | 712 (50.3) |
|
|
324 (22.9) | 1091 (77.1) |
|
|
851 (60.1) | 564 (39.9) |
|
|
||
| Pregnancy complications | 0.4 (1) | .53 |
|
|
0.8 (1) | .38 |
|
|
0.1 (1) | .75 | |||||
|
|
No | 737 (53.2) | 649 (46.8) |
|
|
331 (23.9) | 1055 (76.1) |
|
|
831 (60) | 555 (40) |
|
|
||
|
|
Yes | 251 (51.5) | 236 (48.5) |
|
|
126 (25.9) | 361 (74.1) |
|
|
296 (60.8) | 191 (39.2) |
|
|
||
| Median score of COVID-19 prevention self-protection behavior | 10.8 (1) | .001 |
|
|
4.3 (1) | .04 |
|
|
9.8 (1) | .002 | |||||
|
|
Low | 784 (54.9) | 645 (45.1) |
|
|
365 (25.5) | 1064 (74.5) |
|
|
888 (62.1) | 541 (37.9) |
|
|
||
|
|
High | 204 (45.9) | 240 (54.1) |
|
|
92 (20.7) | 352 (79.3) |
|
|
239 (53.8) | 205 (46.2) |
|
|
||
| Median score of COVID-19 antenatal care knowledge | 2.0 (1) | .16 |
|
|
7.3 (1) | .007 |
|
|
3.5 (1) | .06 | |||||
|
|
Low | 722 (51.8) | 672 (48.2) |
|
|
362 (26) | 1032 (74) |
|
|
856 (61.4) | 538 (38.6) |
|
|
||
|
|
High | 266 (55.5) | 213 (44.5) |
|
|
95 (19.8) | 384 (80.2) |
|
|
271 (56.6) | 208 (43.4) |
|
|
||
aPercentages reported parenthetically are based on the sum of absolute values of each subcategory (or row) listed under “Characteristic.”
bChi-square test.
cData not available.
dThe mean age of 29 years was used to categorize participants into the 2 groups: ≥29 and <29 years.