Table 3.

Patterns of nontherapeutic chatbot use and illustrative examples.

Patterns	Example
Extensive use of nonsense/illogical words	Chabot: If you have any other symptoms, please continue typing. User: I miss you.
Contradictory statements	Chatbot: Please tell me your symptoms. User: How can I deal with a headache? Chatbot: Which of the following symptoms does your description fit? User: Fever. Chatbot: What is your highest temperature? User: Unknown. Chatbot: How about the degree of headache? User: Painless.
Continuously use the same word to answer all the questions	Chatbot: Please tell me your symptoms. User: Headache. Chatbot: What kind of headache is it? User: Unclear. Chatbot: Do you have dizziness? User: Unclear. Chatbot: Is it accompanied by elevated blood pressure, chills, and other symptoms? User: Unclear. Chatbot: Is it accompanied by neck pain? User: Unclear. […]
Answering each question quickly	In the previous example, the user went through 19 rounds and spent 49 seconds, averaging only 2.6 seconds per question.
Spending an equally short time on each question	In the previous example, the user answered almost all of the questions in 2-3 seconds, and the SD of time was 1.2 seconds.