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. 2021 Jan 7;11:619951. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.619951

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Copyright © 2021 Johnson, Drummer IV, Shan, Shao, Sun, Lu, Saaoud, Xu, Nanayakkara, Fang, Bagi, Jiang, Choi, Wang and Yang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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miR155-/-/ApoE-/- double gene knock-out (DKO) mice exhibit resurgent atherosclerosis following extended high fat diet (HFD) feeding. (A) Extended HFD experiment design. DKO mice at MHO stage are fed on HFD for 12 weeks beginning at 8 weeks. DKO mice at extended HFD stage (when MUO develops) are fed on HFD for 24 weeks beginning at 8 weeks. (B) Total body weight (grams); ApoE-/- (n=15), DKO (n=12). (C) Gonadal WAT (grams); apoE^-/- (n=10), DKO (n=11). (D) En Face analysis of whole aortas; male ApoE^-/- (n=5); male DKO (n=8). Previous data showed that aortas from 12 weeks of HFD-fed DKO mice compared with ApoE^-/- mice had significantly less plaque deposition (PMID: 27856635). Here, following 24 weeks of HFD, both ApoE^-/- and DKO mice have significant plaque deposition. (E) Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT); WT (n=3), ApoE^-/- (n=2), DKO (n=3). **p<0.01. NS, not significant.