Table 1.

Characteristics of human studies investigating the effect of specific artificial sweeteners on body weight or adiposity.

References	Study type	Duration	Participants	Dosage artificial sweetener	Comparator	Adiposity measure	Statistical significance
Aspartame
(34)	Meta-analysis	Acute−16 weeks	Obese, T2DM	162 mg, ad libitum, or 500 ml beverage	Sucrose or water	Body weight	N.S.
(34)	Meta-analysis	Acute	Obese, T2DM	162 mg or 500 ml beverage	Sucrose	Body weight	N.S.
Steviol glycoside
(35)	Meta-analysis	90 days−2 years	Healthy, T1DM, T2DM	3.75–1,500 mg/day	Placebo (talcum, maize starch or unspecified)	BMI	N.S.
Saccharin
(36)	RCT	12 weeks	Overweight, obese	1.25–1.75 L/daily	Sucrose	Body weight	N.S.
Sucralose
(37)	RCT	7 days	Healthy	780 mg/day	Placebo (calcium carbonate)	Body weight	N.S.
(38)	RCT	14 days	Healthy	36 mg/day in commercial sachets	Control group	Body weight and BMI	N.S.

RCT, Randomized Controlled Trial; T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; T1DM, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; BMI, body mass index; N.S, non-significant.