Figure 5.

Trained immunity after mucosal vaccination in peripheral blood monocytes

Cytokine production was measured after 24 h of stimulation with LPS (0.1 μg/mL).

(A) Paired display of cytokine levels before and 8 weeks after vaccination. The data are presented as medium control corrected (mcc; BCG in circles; MTBVAC in triangles). Statistical significance was calculated by Wilcoxon’s non-parametric paired analysis test (n = 12 animals/group; PRE versus 8 weeks post-vaccination). p values are indicated at the top of each graph.

(B) Median fold increase in cytokine production is indicated in italics; significant p < 0.05 is indicated in bold; n = 12 animals/group; Wilcoxon signed rank test.

See also Figures S1, S3, S4, S5, and S6.