Table 4.
Factors associated with adherence to ACTs among febrile children under-five who received treatment with an artemisinin-based combination (n = 466)
| Variable | n/N | % | Unadjusted analysis | Adjusted analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |||
| Location | ||||||
| Rural | 178/385 | 46.2% | Ref | 0.233 | Ref | 0.245 |
| Urban | 44/81 | 55.3% | 1.44 (0.79–2.64) | 1.49 (0.76–2.95) | ||
| Region | ||||||
| West | 11/35 | 30.1% | Ref | 0.355 | Ref | 0.211 |
| North | 98/202 | 47.9% | 2.13 (0.83–5.50) | 2.58 (0.99–6.77) | ||
| South | 60/124 | 49.3% | 2.26 (0.87–5.89) | 2.83 (1.04–7.68) | ||
| East | 53/105 | 50.8% | 2.40 (0.91–6.32) | 2.76 (1.04–7.32) | ||
| Household size | ||||||
| 1–5 | 63/144 | 45.3% | Ref | 0.487 | Ref | 0.620 |
| 6–10 | 122/256 | 47.3% | 1.08 (0.72–1.62) | 1.13 (0.73–1.73) | ||
| 11 + | 37/66 | 54.2% | 1.43 (0.79–2.59) | 1.35 (0.73–2.50) | ||
| Household religion | ||||||
| Muslim | 172/373 | 46.0% | Ref | 0.158 | Ref | 0.058 |
| Christian | 50/93 | 54.7% | 1.42 (0.87–2.30) | 1.61 (0.98–2.65) | ||
| Socio-economic status | ||||||
| 1 (poorest) | 62/131 | 46.5% | Ref | 0.883 | Ref | 0.930 |
| 2 | 83/175 | 47.0% | 1.02 (0.64–1.63) | 1.07 (0.66–1.75) | ||
| 3 (least poor) | 77/160 | 49.4% | 1.13 (0.68–1.86) | 1.12 (0.60–2.08) | ||
| Respondent education | ||||||
| None | 138/288 | 48.1% | Ref | 0.984 | Ref | 0.854 |
| Primary | 30/63 | 48.5% | 1.02 (0.58–1.80) | 0.87 (0.46–1.64) | ||
| Secondary or higher | 50/106 | 46.5% | 0.94 (0.57–1.54) | 0.80 (0.46–1.38) | ||
| Arabic or other | 4/9 | 42.3% | 0.79 (0.18–3.49) | 0.74 (0.17–3.26) | ||
| Know everyone is at risk | ||||||
| No | 60/120 | 51.3% | Ref | 0.390 | Ref | 0.329 |
| Yes | 162/346 | 46.4% | 0.82 (0.53–1.29) | 0.79 (0.49–1.27) | ||
| Know ITNs protect | ||||||
| No | 62/128 | 48.4% | Ref | 0.844 | Ref | 0.943 |
| Yes | 160/338 | 47.4% | 0.96 (0.63–1.47) | 0.98 (0.63–1.54) | ||
| U5 slept under ITN | ||||||
| No | 58/118 | 48.8% | Ref | 0.779 | Ref | 0.829 |
| Yes | 164/348 | 47.3% | 0.94 (0.61–1.44) | 0.95 (0.60–1.50) | ||
| Knowledge ACTs | ||||||
| No | 88/187 | 46.9% | Ref | 0.805 | Ref | 0.866 |
| Yes | 134/279 | 48.2% | 1.05 (0.70–1.57) | 1.04 (0.67–1.60) | ||
| Child age (months) | ||||||
| 0–23 months | 60/135 | 43.9% | Ref | 0.276 | Ref | 0.270 |
| 24–59 months | 162/331 | 49.2% | 1.24 (0.84–1.81) | 1.26 (0.83–1.90) | ||
| Prompt treatment (< 24 h) | ||||||
| No | 102/207 | 49.5% | Ref | 0.744 | Ref | 0.150 |
| Yes | 119/258 | 45.9% | 1.05 (0.79–1.39) | 1.25 (0.92–1.70) | ||
| Public health facility | ||||||
| No | 28/57 | 48.3% | Ref | 0.926 | Ref | 0.951 |
| Yes | 194/409 | 47.6% | 0.97 (0.55–1.74) | 0.98 (0.53–1.81) | ||
| ACT within 24 h | ||||||
| No | 85/154 | 55.0% | Ref | 0.047 | Ref | 0.015 |
| Yes | 137/312 | 44.1% | 0.65 (0.42–0.99) | 0.55 (0.34–0.89) | ||
Data for ACT duration was available for 466 children out of the 469 that received ACT