TABLE 1.
Shear rates and stresses within multiple scales of the normal body circulation, at sites of injury, and within ventricular assist devices. Shear stress is calculated with assuming viscosity of whole blood is 3.5 mPa·s
| Shear condition | Blood vessel or device condition | Shear rate (s−1) | Shear stress* (Pa) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal physiological condition | In veins | 15‐200 | 0.05‐0.7 | 18, 19, 20, 21 |
| Large arteries | 286‐1142 | 1‐4 | ||
| Micro arterioles | 450‐2000 | 1.6‐7 | ||
| Shear‐induced unfolding trigger of vWF | Vascular injury site | 5000‐5522 | 17.5‐19.3 | 16, 17 |
| Supraphysiological condition | Axial‐flow LVAD | 2571‐171 428 | 9‐600 | 8, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 46, 47 |
| Centrifugal‐flow LVAD | 1429‐65 714 | 5‐230 | ||
| Toroidal‐flow LVAD | 2286‐2857 | 8‐10 |