Table 1.
Published reports of dental procedure–associated lower extremity PJI (N = 45).
| Author | Year | Sex | Age | Procedure | Time from surgery | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rubin [21] Case #1 | 1976 | F | 68 | THA | 5.5 y | Three I + Ds | Died of pneumonia before 2 stage revision |
| Rubin Case #2 | 1976 | F | 58 | THA | 5 y | “Replacement” | NR |
| Rubin Case #3 | 1976 | M | 62 | THA | 30 m | 3 arthroscopic I + D s | No infection at 1 y f/u |
| Schurman [22] | 1976 | F | 61 | TKA | 19 m | I + D; then 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 52 m f/u |
| Jacobsen [23] | 1980 | -- | -- | THA | 2 y | NR | NR |
| Lindqvist [24] Case #1 |
1985 | M | 67 | THA | 2 y | I + D | No infection at 37 m f/u |
| Lindqvist Case #2 | 1985 | F | 66 | THA | 4d | I + D and polyethylene exchange | No further significant events |
| Lindqvist Case #3 | 1985 | F | 84 | THA | 4 m | I + D and polyethylene exchange | No infection at 12 m f/u |
| Strazzeri [25] | 1986 | F | 61 | THA | 10 y | I + D (declined explant) | No infection at 12 m f/u |
| Grogan [26] | 1986 | NR | NR | TKA | 5 m | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 38 m f/u |
| Pravda [27] | 1989 | F | 78 | TKA | 14 m | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 27 m f/u |
| Sullivan [28] | 1990 | F | 44 | THA | 5 y | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 50 m f/u |
| Manian [29] | 1991 | M | 73 | TKA | 6 y | “Revision” | NR |
| Skiest [30] | 1995 | M | 39 | THA | 5 y | Resection arthroplasty | NR |
| Waldman [31] Case #1 | 1997 | F | 76 | TKA | NR | NR | NR |
| Waldman Case #2 | 1997 | F | 71 | TKA | NR | 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 4 m f/u; died of C. difficile at 6 m |
| Waldman Case #3 | 1997 | M | 61 | TKA | NR | Declined surgery | Scant culture negative knee drainage at 2 y |
| Waldman Case #4 | 1997 | M | 62 | TKA | NR | 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 24 m f/u |
| Waldman Case #5 | 1997 | F | 56 | TKA | NR | I + D without polyethylene exchange | 5 m after procedure, sustained fall, revision, still infected - lifelong antibiotics |
| Waldman Case #6 | 1997 | M | 57 | TKA | NR | Arthroscopic I + D | No infection at 2 m f/u |
| Waldman Case #7 | 1997 | F | 70 | TKA | NR | DAIR after antibiotics only failed | NR |
| Waldman Case #8 | 1997 | F | 67 | TKA | NR | 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 4 m f/u |
| LaPorte [32] Case #1 | 1999 | F | 63 | THA | NR | Implant removal and antibiotics | Free of pain at 3 m |
| LaPorte Case #2 | 1999 | M | 72 | THA | NR | Implant removal and antibiotics | No infection at 3 m f/u |
| LaPorte Case #3 | 1999 | F | 78 | THA | NR | Surgery canceled for cardiac reasons | Continued hip pain |
| Kaar [33] | 2000 | M | 67 | Revision THA | NR | I + D | No infection at 12 w f/u |
| Nadlacan [34] | 2001 | M | 44 | TKA | 11 m | I + D; polyethylene exchange | NR |
| Jellicoe [35] | 2002 | F | 78 | THA | -- | 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 6 m after reimplantation |
| Bartz [36] | 2005 | F | 63 | THA | 1 y | 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 3 m f/u |
| Klingler [37] | 2005 | M | 44 | TKA | 9 y | 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 4 m f/u |
| Trivedi [38] | 2005 | F | 53 | TKA | 8 y | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 2.1 y f/u |
| Michels [39] | 2007 | M | 59 | THA | -- | I + D then exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 2.8 y f/u |
| Waqar [40] | 2008 | M | 49 | TKA | 22 m | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 10.1 y f/u |
| Brown [41] | 2012 | M | 59 | THA | 5 y | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 2.4 y f/u |
| Mahobia [42] | 2013 | F | 75 | TKA | 8 m | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 3.5 y f/u |
| Mougari [43] | 2013 | M | 55 | TKA | 20 y | Arthroscopic I + D | No infection at 8.7 y f/u |
| Al-Himdani [44] | 2015 | F | 55 | Hip resurfacing | 10 y | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 7.8 y f/u |
| Klein [45] | 2015 | F | 65 | TKA | 11 y | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 4.8 y f/u |
| Aweid [46] | 2016 | M | 81 | THA | 5 y | Exchange arthroplasty | No infection at 2.4 y f/u |
| Quenard [47] | 2017 | M | 75 | THA | 7 y | I + D and antibiotic spacer | Later cultured Aspergillus |
| Bartash [48] | 2017 | M | 54 | THA | 3 y | I + D, then exchange | Died from “other issues” |
| Kansara [49] | 2019 | F | 64 | TKA | 295 d | Antibiotics and 2 stage exchange arthroplasty | NR |
| Olson [50] | 2019 | M | 92 | THA | 2 w | Sinus tract I + D; later revision | NR |
| Rieber [51] | 2019 | M | 68 | THA | NR | I + D; polyethylene exchange | Staged revision |
d, day(s); DAIR, debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention; F, female; M, male; m, month(s); f/u, follow up; I + D, irrigation and debridement; N, total number of cases; NR, not reported; PJI, prosthetic joint infection; THA, total hip arthroplasty; TKA, total knee arthroplasty; w, week(s); y, year(s).