Overview of the evaluation of Euwallacea fornicatus and Neocosmospora euwallaceae for bare rooted plants
Rating of the likelihood of pest freedom	Pest free with some exceptional cases (based on the Median)
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of pest‐free plants	9,961 out of 10,000 plants	9,981 out of 10,000 plants	9,989 out of 10,000 plants	9,994 out of 10,000 plants	9,997 out of 10,000 plants
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of infested plants	3 out of 10,000 plants	6 out of 10,000 plants	11 out of 10,000 plants	19 out of 10,000 plants	39 out of 10,000 plants
Summary of the information used for the evaluation	Possibility that the pest could become associated with the commodity Euwallacea fornicatus is present in Israel on different host plants with a high biotic potential, so it can spread to and within the nursery. Ficus carica is host plant for E. fornicatus although unclear whether reproductive or non‐reproductive. It can be colonised in the nursery although the diameter of the plants is at the lower limit for colonisation. Neocosmospora euwallaceae is present in Israel and can be transmitted by the insect.Measures taken against the pests and their efficacyThe measures taken against E. fornicatus (inspections and pesticide applications) have limited efficacy because the insect is difficult to detect in the early phase of the colonisation and because it lives protected within the wood. The measures taken against N. euwallaceae are not expected to be fully effective.Interception recordsIn the EUROPHYT database, there are no records of notification of F. carica plants for planting from Israel due to the presence of E. fornicatus and N. euwallaceae between the years 1995 and November 2019 (EUROPHYT, online).Shortcomings of current measures/proceduresThe fields designated for export are not isolated from other fields in the nursery and from the surroundings. Rinsing of the bare rooted plants before inspection before export may remove the frass and therefore make the detection very difficult.Main uncertaintiesThe main uncertainties are the pesticide applications that may have limited efficacy against insects and fungi in the wood. Other uncertainties concern the lack of information on the density of the pests in the surrounding areas, the rinsing effect on bare rooted plants before inspection before export, the suitability of plant size for beetle colonisation.
Overview of the evaluation of Euwallacea fornicatus and Neocosmospora euwallaceae for liners
Rating of the likelihood of pest freedom	Almost always pest free (based on the Median)
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of pest‐free plants	9,976 out of 10,000 plants	9,991 out of 10,000 plants	9,996 out of 10,000 plants	9,999 out of 10,000 plants	10,000 out of 10,000 plants
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of infested plants	0 out of 10,000 plants	1 out of 10,000 plants	4 out of 10,000 plants	9 out of 10,000 plants	24 out of 10,000 plants
Summary of the information used for the evaluation	Possibility that the pest could become associated with the commodity Euwallacea fornicatus is present in Israel on different host plants with a high biotic potential, so it can spread to and within the nursery. Ficus carica is host plant for E. fornicatus although it is unclear whether reproductive or non‐reproductive. It can be colonised in the nursery although the diameter of the plants is at the very lower limit for colonisation. Neocosmospora euwallaceae is present in Israel and can be transmitted by the insect.Measures taken against the pest and their efficacyThe measures taken against E. fornicatus (inspections and pesticide applications) have limited efficacy because the insect is difficult to detect in the early phase of the colonisation and because it lives protected within the wood. The measures taken against N. euwallaceae are not expected to be fully effective.Interception recordsIn the EUROPHYT database, there are no records of notification of F. carica plants for planting from Israel due to the presence of E. fornicatus and N. euwallaceae between the years 1995 and November 2019 (EUROPHYT, online).Shortcomings of current measures/proceduresThe fields designated for export are not isolated from other fields in the nursery and from the surroundings.Main uncertaintiesThe main uncertainties are the pesticide applications that may have limited efficacy against insects and fungi in the wood. Other uncertainties concern the lack of information on the density of the pests in the surrounding areas and the suitability of plant size for beetle colonisation.