Overview of the evaluation of Hypothenemus leprieuri for bare rooted plants and liners
Rating of the likelihood of pest freedom	Almost always pest free (based on the Median)
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of pest‐free plants	9,995 out of 10,000 plants	9,996 out of 10,000 plants	9,998 out of 10,000 plants	9,999 out of 10,000 plants	10,000 out of 10,000 plants
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of infested plants	0 out of 10,000 plants	1 out of 10,000 plants	2 out of 10,000 plants	4 out of 10,000 plants	5 out of 10,000 plants
Summary of the information used for the evaluation	Possibility that the pest could become associated with the commodityThe pest is present in Israel on F. carica so it can spread to and within the nursery. Ficus carica can be colonised in the nursery.Measures taken against the pest and their efficacyThe measures taken against the pest (inspections and pesticide applications) have limited efficacy because the insect is difficult to detect in the early phase of the colonisation and because it lives protected under the bark.Interception recordsIn the EUROPHYT database, there are no records of notification of F. carica plants for planting from Israel due to the presence of H. leprieuri between the years 1995 and November 2019 (EUROPHYT, online).Shortcomings of current measures/proceduresThe fields designated for export are not isolated from other fields in the nursery and from the surroundings. Rinsing of the bare rooted plants before export inspection may remove the frass and therefore make the detection very difficult.Main uncertaintiesThe main uncertainties are related to the absence of scientific information on life history and impacts and on pesticide applications that may have limited efficacy against insects under the bark. Other uncertainties concern the lack of information on the density of the pest in the surrounding areas, the rinsing effect on bare rooted plants before inspection before export, the suitability of plant size for beetle colonisation.