(A-D) Histological analysis of calvarial bones from 12-week-old female sham-operated mice (control), and ovarietomized (OVX) mice injected with AAV-YFP, AAV-Runx1, or AAV-Runx1+Cbfβ. (A) radiographic and (B) μ-CT images of skull calvaria. (C) Whole calvaria ALP staining. (D) ALP staining of calvaria frozen sections. (E) Quantification of bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) in (B), and quantification of ALP+ staining in (C). (F) Runx1 working model in enhancing bone formation and inhibiting adipogenesis at both early and late stages of osteoblast differentiation through orchestrating multiples signaling pathways. All data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 4, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.