TABLE 2.
Chemical composition of various EOs as analyzed in GC-MS and content (%)c of constituents.
| Compoundsa | RIb | OEO | MTEO | CEO | TEO | AEO | MREO | CNEO | WEO | PEO |
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons | ||||||||||
| Thujene | 930 | nd | 0.2 ± 0.1 | nd | 2.3 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd |
| o-Cymene | 937 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 5.1 ± 0.2 | nd |
| α-Pinene | 939 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 42.3 ± 1.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| Camphene | 954 | nd | 4.2 ± 1.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| t-Ocimene | 955 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Sabinene | 975 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 5.6 ± 0.3 | nd |
| β-Pinene | 979 | nd | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
| β-Myrcene | 991 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | nd | nd | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd |
| Phellandrene | 1,003 | nd | nd | nd | 0.6 ± 0.0 | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| p-Cymene | 1,013 | nd | nd | nd | 4.8 ± 0.2 | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd |
| α-Terpinene | 1,017 | nd | nd | nd | 8.7 ± 0.6 | nd | nd | nd | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| l-Limonene | 1,029 | 93.2 ± 2.3 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 5.7 ± 0.5 | nd | nd |
| δ-3-Carene | 1,033 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| β-Ocimene | 1,051 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | 0.4 ± 0.0 | nd |
| γ-Terpinene | 1,060 | nd | nd | nd | 17.5 ± 1.1 | nd | nd | nd | 1.1 ± 0.2 | nd |
| α-Terpinolene | 1,089 | nd | nd | nd | 2.8 ± 0.3 | nd | nd | nd | 1.1 ± 0.2 | nd |
| Oxygenated monoterpenes | ||||||||||
| Fenchone | 1,008 | nd | nd | 2.3 ± 0.3 | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| 1,8-Cineole | 1,035 | nd | 30.3 ± 1.3 | nd | 3.1 ± 0.4 | nd | nd | nd | 10.6 ± 0.5 | nd |
| Limonene oxide | 1,087 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Linalool | 1,089 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 7.6 ± 0.9 | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 6.4 ± 0.4 | nd |
| Eucalyptol | 1,093 | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| p-Menth-8-en-2-ol | 1,090 | nd | nd | nd | 3.2 ± 0.5 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| t-Thujone | 1,102 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd |
| Pulegol | 1,116 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd |
| Camphor | 1,146 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 3.8 ± 0.5 | nd |
| Citronellal | 1,148 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | 81.9 ± 1.1 | nd | nd | nd | 31.5 ± 1.1 | nd | nd |
| Isopulegol | 1,150 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.0 ± 0.1 | nd | nd |
| β-Terpineol | 1,163 | nd | nd | nd | 35.7 ± 1.2 | nd | nd | nd | 16.2 ± 0.9 | nd |
| Borneol | 1,169 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | 0.5 ± 0.1 | nd |
| 4-Caranol | 1,185 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd |
| Decanal | 1,202 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Citronellol | 1,226 | nd | nd | 5.8 ± 0.7 | nd | nd | nd | 9.6 ± 0.3 | nd | nd |
| Geraniol | 1,231 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 30.6 ± 1.3 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | nd |
| Citral | 1,236 | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Neral | 1,240 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.5 ± | nd | nd |
| Linalyl acetate | 1,257 | nd | 6.6 ± 0.5 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Geranial | 1,270 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.7 ± | nd | nd |
| Borneol acetate | 1,289 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 26.6 ± 1.7 | nd |
| Neryl acetate | 1,362 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | nd |
| Geranyl acetate | 1,383 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd |
| Thymol | 1,470 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd |
| Sesquiterpene hydrocarbon | ||||||||||
| δ-Elemene | 1,343 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 2.1 ± 0.2 | nd | 2.0 ± 0.3 | nd |
| α-Cubebene | 1,348 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| α-Copaene | 1,377 | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| β-Patchoulene | 1,382 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 5.8 ± 0.5 |
| β-Elemene | 1,389 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | nd | 2.6 ± 0.1 |
| α-Gurjunene | 1,410 | nd | nd | nd | 2.1 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 |
| β-Caryophyllene | 1,419 | nd | nd | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | nd | 8.2 ± 1.0 | 6.9 ± 0.5 |
| α-Guaiene | 1,430 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 40.6 ± 1.3 |
| α-Bergamotene | 1,436 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.4 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| Aromadendrene | 1,443 | nd | nd | nd | 1.0 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | 1.4 ± 0.1 | nd | nd |
| α-Humulene | 1,455 | nd | 1.9 ± 0.3 | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| Farnesene | 1,457 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd |
| α-Patchoulene | 1,460 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 10.7 ± 0.5 |
| Neoisolongifolene | 1,462 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.0 ± 0.1 |
| Alloaromadendrene | 1,466 | nd | nd | nd | 0.7 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 4.4 ± 0.2 |
| β-Salinene | 1,473 | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| γ-Muurolene | 1,477 | nd | nd | nd | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd | nd |
| Germacrene D | 1,485 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | nd | nd |
| Epi-bicyclophellandrene | 1,489 | nd | nd | nd | 0.4 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Aciphyllene | 1,492 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 2.8 ± 0.5 |
| α-Bulnesene | 1,498 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 14.6 ± 0.9 |
| δ-Cadinene | 1,507 | nd | nd | nd | 1.6 ± 0.2 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Curcerene | 1,511 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 23.9 ± 2.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| α-Panasinsene | 1,519 | nd | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Sesquiphellandrene | 1,523 | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| γ-Cadinene | 1,526 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | nd | nd |
| α-Bisabolene | 1,539 | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| α-Calacorene | 1,547 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.8 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd |
| Oxygenated sesquiterpene | ||||||||||
| Methyl eugenol | 1,401 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | 1.1 ± 0.1 | nd | nd |
| Methyl isoeugenol | 1,455 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 3.1 ± 0.2 | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Elemol | 1,550 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 3.3 ± 0.5 | nd | nd |
| Spathulenol | 1,561 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.7 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Caryophyllene oxide | 1,583 | nd | nd | 0.4 ± 0.0 | nd | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| Viridiforol | 1,588 | nd | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.1 | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| β-Asarone | 1,622 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 85.4 ± 1.1 | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Cadinol | 1,645 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | nd | nd |
| γ-Eudesmol | 1,625 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd |
| β-Cudesmol | 1,649 | nd | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | 1.1 ± 0.1 | nd | nd | nd |
| Patchoulol | 1,668 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 6.7 ± 0.3 |
| Elemol acetate | 1,674 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.2 ± 0.2 | nd | nd | nd |
| α-Bisabolol | 1,678 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd |
| α-Asarone | 1,679 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1.9 ± 0.3 | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Farnesol | 1,706 | nd | nd | 0.3 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | 3.0 ± 0.2 | nd |
| Guaiol acetate | 1,721 | nd | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Furanoeudesm-1,3-diene | 2,091 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 41.9 ± 2.4 | nd | nd | nd |
| Others | ||||||||||
| 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal | nd | nd | 0.2 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | Nd | nd | |
| 4,8-Dimethyl-3,7-non-adienal | nd | nd | 0.1 ± 0.0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | Nd | nd |
aEOs, essential oils; OEO: Citrus sinensis (OEO); Myrtus communis (MTEO), Eucalyptus citriodora (CEO), Melaleuca alternifolia (TEO), Acorus calamus (AEO), Commiphora myrrha (MREO), Cymbopogon nardus (CNEO), Artemisia absinthium (WEO), and Pogostemon cablin (PEO); compounds are listed in order of elution from a HP-5MS capillary column. Identification performed by comparison of mass spectra with the corresponding data in NIST library with respect to total ion chromatogram as well as retention indices, calculated for alkanes C9 to C24 followed by comparison with the Adams (2007) report. bRetention indices on the HP-5MS capillary column. cMean value of three replicates calculated from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) areas, nd, not detected respective data of NIST and Willey (30: 70) libraries in total ion current (TIC) and the literature, as well as retention indices as calculated according to Kovats (1978), for alkanes C 9 to C 24 compared with those reported by Adams.