Figure 3.

Median-joining haplotype network of mtDNA D-loop sequences of red junglefowl. The haplotypes are approximately subdivided into 12 haplogroups, A, B, CD, E, F, G, J, K, W, X, Y, and Z, and unclassified haplotypes (U) in this network, according to the haplotype classification by Miao et al.⁵ and the present study. The sizes of circles indicate relative frequencies of haplotypes, and the number of bars on the lines, which link haplotypes, represent the number of nucleotide substitutions that occurred between the haplotypes for comparison. Black nodes are the inferred intermediate haplotypes. The geographic origins of haplotypes or subspecies names are shown using circles with different colours. The numbers in parentheses after the location or subspecies names indicate the numbers of sequences used for analyses. Detailed information on the sequences obtained from the database are listed in Supplementary Table S7.