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. 2021 Jan 21;11:2026. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81288-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Mean arterial pressure and heart rate. *P < 0.05 vs. the Sham group determined using repeated measures analysis. ^#P < 0.05 vs. the Control‒IR group determined using repeated measures analysis. X indicates the mean of each group. Sham indicates sham operation; Control‒IR (ischemia/reperfusion), left kidney ischemia for 60 min and reperfusion; Dex (dexmedetomidine)‒Sham, sham operation and infusion of dexmedetomidine; Dex‒IR, pre-ischemia infusion of dexmedetomidine 30 min before left kidney ischemia; IR‒Dex, post-ischemia infusion of dexmedetomidine 30 min after reperfusion of the left ischemic kidney.