Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of mild coronavirus disease 2019 patients with or without pneumonia development
| Characteristic | Pneumonia (n = 34) | No pneumonia (n= 93) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 46.3 ± 16.9 | 33.1 ± 15.3 | < 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 65 yr | 5 (14.7) | 3 (3.2) | 0.052 |
| Female sex | 15 (44.1) | 49 (52.7) | 0.513 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.0 ± 3.1 | 22.51 ± 3.55 | 0.034 |
| Smoking | 0.346 | ||
| Past or current smoker | 9 (26.5) | 15 (16.1) | |
| Household contact | 9 (26.5) | 10 (10.8) | 0.055 |
| Underlying disease | |||
| Hypertension | 9 (26.5) | 6 (6.5) | 0.005 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5 (14.7) | 2 (2.2) | 0.021 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1 (2.9) | 4 (4.3) | > 0.999 |
| Chronic lung disease | 4 (11.8) | 1 (1.1) | 0.026 |
| Chronic liver disease | 2 (5.9) | 2 (2.2) | 0.622 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 0 | 1 (1.1) | > 0.999 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (2.9) | 1 (1.1) | > 0.999 |
| Cancer | 1 (2.9) | 4 (4.3) | > 0.999 |
| Symptoms | |||
| Abnormality in sense of smell and taste | 7 (20.6) | 22 (23.7) | 0.900 |
| Myalgia | 13 (38.2) | 24 (25.8) | 0.252 |
| Sore throat | 11 (32.4) | 42 (45.2) | 0.274 |
| Cough | 23 (67.6) | 38 (40.9) | 0.013 |
| Sputum | 18 (52.9) | 28 (30.1) | 0.031 |
| Chest discomfort | 3 (8.8) | 9 (9.7) | > 0.999 |
| Dyspnea | 6 (17.6) | 1 (1.1) | 0.001 |
| Fever | 11 (32.4) | 25 (26.9) | 0.701 |
| Rhinorrhea or nasal obstruction | 12 (35.3) | 32 (34.4) | > 0.999 |
| Diarrhea | 15 (44.1) | 13 (14.0) | 0.001 |
| No symptoms | 3 (8.8) | 13 (14.0) | 0.636 |
| Laboratory test | |||
| WBC, /μL | 5,274 ± 2,068 | 5,308 ± 1,721 | 0.926 |
| Lymphocyte, % | 44.2 ± 33.1 | 53.1 ± 26.0 | 0.124 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.116 |
| LDH, IU/L | 212 ± 64 | 206 ± 99 | 0.761 |
| Troponin-I, ng/mL | 1.48 ± 2.39 | 0.77 ± 1.62 | 0.150 |
| Chest CT | 6 (17.6) | 3 (3.2) | 0.016 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD or number (%).
WBC, white blood cell; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CT, computed tomography.