Table 1.

Effects of general risk factors or comorbidities on IHD risk in women

Increasing risk	Decreasing risk	Unknown or unclear
Ageing	Physical activity	Thyroid diseases
Smoking		Osteoporosis
Stress		LVH
Obesity		Pulmonary hypertension
Hyperlipidaemia		Atrial fibrillation
Hypertension		Heart valve diseases
Diabetes		PAD
Depression		COPD
HIV		OSA
Inflammatory diseases		Brain diseases
		Clock disruption
		Gastro-intestinal diseases
		Kidney diseases
		Anaemia
		Cancer

LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea; PAD, peripheral artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.