TABLE 3.
Associations between prediagnostic sex hormone levels and disease‐specific mortality in esophageal adenocarcinoma, stratified by surgical treatment (N = 217) a
| Sex hormon | No surgical treatment | Surgical treatment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | HR (95% CI) b | Number | HR (95% CI) b | |
| Sex‐hormone binding globulin, nmol/L | ||||
| <33 | 49 | 1.00 (reference) | 23 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 33 to <47 | 48 | 0.60 (0.36‐0.98) | 24 | 1.42 (0.57‐3.53) |
| ≥47 | 43 | 0.58 (0.35–0.96) | 30 | 1.12 (0.46‐2.74) |
| Discrete | 0.77 (0.59‐1.00) | 1.05 (0.69‐1.60) | ||
| Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, μmol/L | ||||
| <5.5 | 44 | 1.00 (reference) | 28 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 5.5 to <7.8 | 46 | 1.01 (0.64‐1.61) | 23 | 0.95 (0.41‐2.2) |
| ≥7.8 | 50 | 0.91 (0.57‐1.46) | 26 | 0.95 (0.41‐2.21) |
| Discrete | 0.95 (0.76‐1.20) | 0.98 (0.64‐1.49) | ||
| Follicle‐stimulating hormone, IU/L | ||||
| <3.2 | 42 | 1.00 (reference) | 30 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 3.2 to <4.8 | 48 | 1.49 (0.92–2.40) | 23 | 0.96 (0.40–2.32) |
| ≥4.8 | 50 | 1.64 (1.02–2.66) | 24 | 1.56 (0.69–3.52) |
| Discret | 1.27 (1.00‐1.60) | 1.25 (0.82‐1.91) | ||
| Luteinizing hormone, IU/L | ||||
| <3.7 | 40 | 1.00 (reference) | 28 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 3.7 to <5.6 | 53 | 1.35 (0.84‐2.15) | 23 | 1.03 (0.44‐2.39) |
| ≥5.6 | 47 | 1.43 (0.87‐2.34) | 26 | 1.24 (0.53‐2.88) |
| Discrete | 1.19 (0.93‐1.51) | 1.11 (0.72‐1.70) | ||
| Prolactin, mIU/L | ||||
| <107 | 49 | 1.00 (reference) | 22 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 107 to <170 | 45 | 1.43 (0.90‐2.25) | 28 | 1.47 (0.62‐3.53) |
| ≥ 170 | 46 | 0.92 (0.58‐1.45) | 27 | 0.80 (0.32‐1.99) |
| Discrete | 0.98 (0.79‐1.22) | 0.89 (0.58‐1.35) | ||
| Testosterone, nmol/L | ||||
| <12.6 | 44 | 1.00 (reference) | 26 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 12.6 to <18.2 | 50 | 0.73 (0.47‐1.15) | 23 | 1.76 (0.72‐4.30) |
| ≥ 18.2 | 46 | 0.73 (0.46‐1.19) | 28 | 1.44 (0.61‐3.41) |
| Discrete | 0.86 (0.67‐1.10) | 1.18 (0.78‐1.77) | ||
| 17‐OH progesterone, nmol/L | ||||
| <1.5 | 42 | 1.00 (reference) | 29 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 1.5 to <2.3 | 45 | 0.63 (0.40‐1.00) | 25 | 1.33 (0.56‐3.15) |
| ≥2.3 | 53 | 0.67 (0.42‐1.06) | 23 | 1.38 (0.59‐3.25) |
| Discrete | 0.82 (0.65‐1.04) | 1.18 (0.77‐1.79) | ||
| Progesterone, nmol/L | ||||
| ≤1.1 | 83 | 1.00 (reference) | 52 | 1.00 (reference) |
| >1.1 to 1.7 | 28 | 1.02 (0.63‐1.65) | 13 | 0.95 (0.36‐2.52) |
| >1.7 | 29 | 0.89 (0.54‐1.47) | 12 | 1.18 (0.45‐3.12) |
| Discrete | 0.95 (0.75‐1.21) | 1.06 (0.67‐1.70) | ||
| Estradiol, nmol/L | ||||
| <0.07 | 41 | 1.00 (reference) | 27 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 0.07 to 0.08 | 56 | 1.04 (0.65‐1.65) | 30 | 1.23 (0.52‐2.90) |
| >0.08 | 43 | 0.94 (0.57‐1.55) | 20 | 1.69 (0.72‐3.93) |
| Discrete | 0.97 (0.75‐1.24) | 1.30 (0.85‐2.00) | ||
| Androstenedione, nmol/L | ||||
| <2.7 | 48 | 1.00 (reference) | 30 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 2.7 to 4.3 | 47 | 0.75 (0.48‐1.18) | 21 | 1.37 (0.59‐3.18) |
| >4. | 45 | 1.10 (0.69‐1.75) | 26 | 1.08 (0.47‐2.49) |
| Discrete | 1.04 (0.82‐1.33) | 1.04 (0.70‐1.56) | ||
| Testosterone:estradiol ratio | ||||
| <184 | 45 | 1.00 (reference) | 27 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 184 to <254 | 50 | 0.74 (0.46‐1.18) | 22 | 1.57 (0.66‐3.76) |
| ≥254 | 45 | 0.87 (0.54‐1.41) | 28 | 1.12 (0.49‐2.56) |
| Discrete | 0.94 (0.73‐1.21) | 1.05 (0.71‐1.56) | ||
| Free testosterone index | ||||
| <3.7 | 42 | 1.00 (reference) | 30 | 1.00 (reference) |
| 3.7 to <4.6 | 47 | 0.98 (0.62‐1.55) | 25 | 1.41 (0.63‐3.12) |
| ≥4.6 | 51 | 1.00 (0.62‐1.61) | 22 | 0.78 (0.32‐1.88) |
| Discrete | 0.99 (0.78‐1.26) | 0.91 (0.61‐1.37) | ||
a
Among 244 patients, 27 patients were excluded from the analyses because of missing values of sex hormone measures, body mass index, tobacco smoking or physical activity.
b
Hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval, adjusted for age (continuous), calendar year at diagnosis (continuous), body mass index (continuous), tobacco smoking (never or ever) and physical activity (high/medium, or low/inactive).